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Ex Phys (ESC280) > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

After an electrical impulse travels across the sarcolemma, where does it enter the muscle fiber

A

T-tubule

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2
Q

Training techniques to maximize muscular force will do what to the GTOs

A

Enhance

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3
Q

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for

A
  • unconscious physiological function
  • “fight or flight”
  • Maintain normal resting functions
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4
Q

Which proprioceptor monitors the stretch and length of the muscle

A

Muscle spindle

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5
Q

Which of the following is a neural adaptation that will increase force output

A

increase neural drive

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6
Q

In order to receive an action potential, receptors on an excitable cell bind with what specialized proteins

A

neurotransmitters

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7
Q

What is another term for a nerve impulse

A

AP

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8
Q

A bundle of muscle fibers is termed as this

A

Fasciculus

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the axon hillock

A

Summation of the threshold to initiate an action potential

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10
Q

What muscle action is defined by no change in length of the muscle fiber

A

Isometric

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11
Q

Muscle growth from long-term resistance training is primarily due to the increase in this

A

size of the individual muscle fibers

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12
Q

What is a key characteristic of connective tissue

A

a elastic component

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13
Q

Which repeated bout theory suggests that the synthesis of protective proteins helps reduce muscle damage

A

Cellular

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14
Q

What speed of neurological velocity is associated with type I muscle fibers

A

slow

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15
Q

What is the best use of the force-velocity curve

A

To determine the inverse relationship between force and velocity

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16
Q

During a muscle action, calcium binds to

A

Troponin

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17
Q

According to Armstrong’s sequence, what directly results in pain receptors being activated during DOMS

A

Edema

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18
Q

how you should prescribe practice to develop motor skills

A
  • high volume
  • short duration
  • high frequency
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19
Q

actin molecule

A

projects from the Z line

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20
Q

What is the name for an alpha motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates

A

motor unit

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21
Q

Which of the following fiber type has the highest myoglobin content

A

Type I

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22
Q

What is the ultimate goal of motor learning and control

A

efficiency of neuromuscular system

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23
Q

The action of actin and myosin filaments moving over each other to produce force is referred to as what

A

sliding filament theory

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24
Q

Which of the following is a component of a neuron

A

dendrite

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25
Q

Which of the following can negatively influence the successful completion of a motor program

A
  • perceived stress
  • muscular fatigue
  • lack of focus
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26
Q

The motor cortex is housed in which lobe of the cerebral cortex

A

frontal

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27
Q

During depolarization, what happens to Na+

A

enters the cell

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28
Q

What division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for maintaining normal resting function

A

Parasympathetic

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29
Q

What category of nerves send signals to the central nervous system from sensors

A

Afferent

30
Q

If a significant enough threshold is reached to recruit a motor unit

A

all the muscle fibers will fire

31
Q

What is the primary cause of acute muscle soreness

A

Acid

32
Q

When is delayed onset muscle soreness typically felt after a strenuous workout

A

12 - 48 hours

33
Q

What is the main cause of delayed muscle soreness

A

structural damage to muscle fibers

34
Q

Which type of practice grouping would result in the quickest skill development, but not the best long term retention

A

Short, intense, frequent practice sessions

35
Q

What is a characteristic of Type II muscle fibers

A

high intramuscular PCr stores

36
Q

When an action potential reaches a muscle fiber, what does calcium bind to within the myofibril

A

troponin

37
Q

Which of the following will trigger the sympathetic nervous system

A

exercise

38
Q

In terms of maximizing performance, which of the following activities would benefit most from a low level of arousal

A

golf swing

39
Q

part of the peripheral nervous system

A
  • Autonomic nervous system
  • Sensory-somatic nervous system
  • Sympathetic nervous system
40
Q

According to the size principle, what type of motor units would be recruited first

A

small muscle fibers

41
Q

What is a characteristic of an alpha motor neuron

A

Short dendrites

42
Q

What happens during a concentric muscle action

A

H zone disappears

43
Q

At its resting length, this section of a sarcomere contains only actin

A

I band

44
Q

Where is the site of reflex actions

A

spinal cord

45
Q

What is a sarcomere

A

Smallest functioning unit of the muscle

46
Q

In order to reduce the occurrence of DOMS, what needs to be reduced

A

Eccentric muscle actions

47
Q

What is hypertrophy

A

Increase in the size of the individual muscle fibers

48
Q

Which branch of the nervous system is most heavily used for motor control

A

Somatic

49
Q

What is formed that dictates the amount of force that can be produced by a muscle

A

Actomyosin complex

50
Q

What is the best use of the force-time curve

A

To determine muscular power

51
Q

What part of the muscle cell contains ATPase

A

Myosin

52
Q

Which stage of skill development may take several months to years to reach

A

Autonomous

53
Q

force modulators

A
  • velocity
  • time
  • length
54
Q

primary functions of the nervous system

A
  • conscious awareness
  • perception
  • bodily movement
55
Q

What is the name of the fatty substance that can cover an axon

A

Myelin sheath

56
Q

Which of the following activities would be considered an open skill

A

Quarterback making a pass in a game (quick decision)

57
Q

What two cations are responsible for maintaining the resting membrane potential

A

Na+ and K+

58
Q

Which type of neurons carries messages from the sensory receptors to the CNS

A

Sensory

59
Q

What part of the brain is considered the “conscious” part

A

Cerebrum

60
Q

What is the correct order for the connective tissue going from the muscle to the myofibril level

A

Epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

61
Q

muscle fibers of a motor unit

A

All the muscle fibers are the same type

62
Q

Which proprioceptor is located within the skeletal muscle

A

Muscle spindle

63
Q

Which of the following is an adaptation to the muscle fibers from endurance training

A

Increase capillaries per muscle fiber

64
Q

The ability of an organism to maintain internal equilibrium is termed as

A

Homeostasis

65
Q

What send signals to the sensory-somatic nervous system

A

Muscles

66
Q

Which proprioceptor monitor the stretch and length of the muscle

A

Muscle spindle

67
Q

Where is calcium stored within a muscle fiber

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

68
Q

What is first step according to Armstrong’s sequence

A

Structural damage to the muscle fiber

69
Q

What is termed as the point of connection and communication between two excitable cells

A

Synapse

70
Q

sub-area of motor behavior

A
  • motor learning
  • motor development
  • motor control
71
Q

What is a purpose of proprioception

A

Senses the body in space

Ex Phys (ESC280) (7 decks)

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