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Ex Phys (ESC280) > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

peptide hormones

A
  • derived from cholesterol
  • diffuse across the cell membrane
  • interact directly with DNA
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2
Q

Into which of the following does the right ventricle pump blood

A

Pulmonary artery

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3
Q

Which of the following is part of the extrinsic control of the cardiac cycle

A

Sympathetic nerve fibers

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4
Q

Which of the following is an effect of Human Growth Hormone

A

Enhances connective tissue growth/repair

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5
Q

What chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping the blood to the systemic arteries

A

Left ventricle

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6
Q

During which phase of respiration does the diaphragm contract

A

Inspiration

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7
Q

What kind of traits/symptoms would an individual with high thyroid hormone levels exhibit

A

Increased metabolic rate

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8
Q

function of the respiratory system

A
  • exchange gases between air and blood
  • humidify air
  • filters air
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9
Q

What is the term that represents the regular fluctuation of releases of hormones

A

Circadian rhythm

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10
Q

Which steroid hormone is catabolic

A

Cortisol

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11
Q

What gland regulates hormone release by controlling the pituitary gland

A

Hypothalamus

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12
Q

Testosterone production increases with what type of exercise

A

moderate to intense

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13
Q

What is the term that describes the amount of air left in the lungs after maximal exhalation

A

Residual volume

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14
Q

What gas law describes the concept of partial pressures of the individual gases within air

A

Dalton’s Law

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15
Q

What does the T wave represent in an EKG signal

A

Ventricular repolarization

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16
Q

From which gland are the catecholamines secreted

A

Adrenal medulla

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17
Q

What is the role of antidiuretic hormone

A

Acts on the kidneys leading to the increase of water reabsorption

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18
Q

What is the role of aldosterone

A

Signal the kidneys to retain sodium

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19
Q

maximal heart rate

A

Decreases as you get older

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20
Q

Which hormone plays the largest role in controlling metabolism

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

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21
Q

Pulmonary ventilation (VE) is mathematically defined as

A

Vt x f

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22
Q

What is responsible for the rapid spread of the impulse through the ventricles

A

Purkinje fibers

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23
Q

Which of the following best describes cardiac output

A

The amount of blood pumped per minute

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24
Q

Which gas is the most abundant in the air we breathe

A

Nitrogen

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25
Q

What condition does a depression of the ST segment on an EKG usually indicate

A

Ischemia

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26
Q

Which endocrine gland is referred to as the “master gland”

A

Pituitary

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27
Q

cardiac muscle

A

High mitochondrial density

28
Q

How is the majority of carbon dioxide transported in the human body

A

As a bicarbonate

29
Q

The bicuspid valve separates what

A

Left atrium and left ventricle

30
Q

What variable represents the oxygen uptake by the body’s tissues

A

Arterial-venous oxygen difference

31
Q

Once the oxygen enters the muscle, what assists its transportation to the mitochondria

A

Myoglobin

32
Q

If the plasma component of the blood is 60%, what is the individual’s hematocrit number

A

40

33
Q

When modifying breathing during exercise, which variable is increased first

A

Depth (tidal volume) first

34
Q

Which of the following is a key responsibility of the cardiovascular system

A

Delivery of oxygen

35
Q

What phase of ventilation represents the rapid rise to steady-state

A

Phase 2

36
Q

What is the largest component of blood plasma

A

Water

37
Q

Which chamber of the heart receives the blood that is returning after circulating through the body

A

Right atrium

38
Q

Which of the following is the typical response of insulin during exercise

A

Blood levels decrease

39
Q

While breathing at rest, which of the following is the best way to increase air flow

A

Increase the diameter of the airway

40
Q

What type of hormone is derived from cholesterol

A

Steroid

41
Q

Which of the following hormones has the shortest half life

A

Norepinephrine

42
Q

What happens to stroke volume during a 5 mph jog on a treadmill when you compare someone before, and then after an eight-week cardiovascular training program

A

Increase

43
Q

What variable represents the amount of air ventilated to obtain 1 L or oxygen or expire 1 L carbon dioxide

A

Ventilatory equivalent

44
Q

What is the term for the amount of air moved in and out per breath

A

Tidal volume

45
Q

Vital capacity is the sum of which volumes

A

Tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, & expiratory reserve volume

46
Q

What is the transport system for the endocrine system

A

Bloodstream

47
Q

What happens during exhalation

A

The diaphragm relaxes

48
Q

An increase is EDV with no change in ESV will lead to what kind of change in SV

A

Increase

49
Q

What mathematically represents ejection fraction

A

SV / EDV

50
Q

What hormone is needed to pass an action potential across a synapse

A

Norepinephrine

51
Q

What is the only major endocrine gland which is directly stimulated by the nervous system

A

Adrenal medulla

52
Q

What transports the blood to the lungs

A

Pulmonary arteries

53
Q

Which of the following describes the blood that passes through the coronary arteries

A

Fully oxygenated

54
Q

Within the human body, where is the partial pressure of oxygen the highest

A

Alveoli

55
Q

What mineral aids in the synthesis of the thyroid hormones

A

Iodine

56
Q

What is the structure of aldosterone, and from where is it released

A

Steroid / adrenal cortex

57
Q

What is the term that describes the intensity at which both oxygen and carbon dioxide ventilatory equivalent are increasing and results in hyperventilation

A

Respiratory compensation point

58
Q

The Fick equation can be used to determine which variable

A

VO2

59
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart

A

Sinoatrial node

60
Q

Which muscle will assist in expiration during heavy breathing

A

Rectus abdominis

61
Q

Which of the following heart problems are the result of a dysrhythmia

A

Cardiac arrest

62
Q

What condition in the body has the biggest impact on control of ventilation

A

The buildup of carbon dioxide

63
Q

What type of cells produce/release Insulin

A

Beta cells

64
Q

steroid hormone examples

A
  • aldosterone
  • cortisol
  • estrogen
65
Q

what do steroid hormones derive from

A

cholesterol

Ex Phys (ESC280) (7 decks)

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