Exam 3 Wiley Plus Flashcards
All of the following are glycolytic pathways except
the tricarboxycylic acid (TCA) pathway.
The average net and gross ATP production from the EMP pathway is
2 net, 4 gross ATP per glucose molecule.
Amino acids are joined by ribosomes to make _______.
proteins
Which of the following can be used as terminal electron acceptors by chemolithotrophs?
oxygen
nitrate
sulfate
ALL OF THE CHOICES
Select the correct sequence of steps.
Glycolysis, Formation of acetyl coenzyme A, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain
The largest nitrogen reservoir is
atmosphere
The energy to synthesize ATP comes from
substrate level phosphorylation and coupled reactions.
The main primary producers in aquatic environments are _______, while in terrestrial environments the main primary producers are __________.
microbes; plants
The largest reservoir for carbon is
fossil fuels
Atmospheric sulfur is primarily:
Present as H2S
Which of the following is not a feasible method for preserving food?
sterilization
Enrichment methods do not present an accurate picture of microbial community structure because
A: the species that is enriched may be only a small component of the community under normal conditions.
B: some species may gain a competitive advantage over others and grow more rapidly.
C: enrichment conditions are usually selective for a small subgroup of species.
D: ALL OF THESE
The most effective form of microbial community analysis is
direct sequencing.
An advantage of using starter cultures instead of relying on the microbes found naturally in the raw material is
A: the starter cultures yield much more consistent products.
B: the naturally occurring microbes may not be present in sufficient numbers to be commercially viable.
C: the starter cultures can be maintained more cost effectively.
D: ALL OF THESE CHOICES
The principle behind canning as an effective means of food preservation is
exposure to high temperatures under pressure for an extended period of time reduces the number of potential spoilage organisms.
This type of foodborne illness typically presents quickly after consumption of affected food.
Foodbone Intoxification
A key community role attributed to viruses in ocean systems is
recycling nutrients
Modified atmosphere package (MAP) helps to preserve food by
removing oxygen from the atmosphere
This is the most abundant type of microbe in the ocean.
virus
The rhizosphere (soils associated with roots) contains more microbes than bulk soils (soil not associated with roots) because of the availability of
carbon
The fact that some endosymbionts are also found free-living suggests
A: they do not have an obligate symbiotic relationship with their hosts.
B: the symbiotic relationship with the host is likely relatively new.
C: they are likely secondary endosymbionts.
D: ALL OF THESE CHOICES
Studies with germ free animals have shown
animals can survive without gut flora, but do not develop normally.
The dominant energy generating metabolic pathway for bacteria in the human digestive tract is
fermentation
Rank the following components of the digestive tract from highest to lowest based on the number of microbes found there.
Large intestine > mouth > small intestine > stomach.
Place the following events in nodule formulation by infecting rhizobia in the proper sequence
(1) Infection thread branches and bacteria enter host cells.
(2) Infection thread forms and bacteria replicate.
(3) Nodule consisting of plants cells is stimulated to grow by infecting bacteriods.
(4) Bacterium attaches to plant root hair.
(5) Infection thread extends into root cortex.
(6) Root hair curls around bacterium forming shepherd’s crook.
4 – 6 – 2 – 5 – 1 – 3 .
If you want to find the area in soil that harbors the largest number of bacteria, you should look
immediately adjacent to roots because released root material is rich in amino acids and organic acids that support microbial growth.
The relationship between a plant host and Asperisporium caricae, a recognized plant pathogen, is an example of
parasitism
Fun Fact: The number of species of microbes found in the human oral cavity is approximately
700
Herbivores rely on their symbiotic organisms to break down ______.
Cellulose
The relationship between termites and intestinal flagellates, where termites provide organic material for the intestinal flagellates and intestinal flagellates provide nitrogen for the termites is an example of
mutualism
