Exam 3 Study Guide

Question 1

Roman Forum

Answer 1

Rectangular building used for business and civil things

Question 2

Latins

Answer 2

People living around Rome

Question 3

Via Salaria

Answer 3

Ancient road that went through modern Rome and probably helped to make Rome what it is today

Question 4

Capitolium

Answer 4

Temple on the top of Capitoline Hill, finished in 509 BCE, one of the great temples of the Med.

Question 5

Republican Government

Answer 5

Dual consulship, 10 tribunes,

Question 6

Collegiality

Answer 6

Division of power, two consuls

Question 7

Veto

Answer 7

Forbid/ override decision made by others

Question 8

Annuality

Answer 8

Elected once a year, retains power

Question 9

Imperium

Answer 9

Executive power to convene the Senate, power over life and death, lead armies

Question 10

Patrician

Answer 10

Hereditary body of wealthy families

Question 11

Plebian

Answer 11

Any one who was not a Patrician (Usually less wealthy)

Question 12

Tribune

Answer 12

10 elected Plebeians who could veto the consuls, and no one could touch them. Annual office

Question 13

Consul

Answer 13

Annual magistracy, absolute power, dual consulship, voted into office, for a while could only be patricians, always male citizens

Question 14

Senate

Answer 14

3,000 Senators, electing body

Question 15

Dictator

Answer 15

Supreme power (Caesar became dictator)

Question 16

Patron-client relationship

Answer 16

parsons would give legal help, advice, and access to the judicial network, clients would give money, gifts, assistance, votes, body guards

Question 17

Satire

Answer 17

Works that expose what needs to be changed in a humorous way

Question 18

Battle of Actium

Answer 18

31 BCE, Octavian vs Mark Antony and Cleopatra

Question 19

Proscription

Answer 19

Death or banishment

Question 20

Rise of Octavian

Answer 20

Wins bloody civil war, kills all his enemies, changes his name, distances himself from the war

Question 21

Province

Answer 21

Surrounding conquered lands

Question 22

Pax Romana

Answer 22

Roman Peace, emphasized by Octavian

Question 23

Tetrarchy

Answer 23

Rule of 4, 2 emperors for each half of the empire, Augustus and Caesar, not hereditary, lasts not long

Question 24

Early Rome

Answer 24

More important than people assume

Question 25

Republic Political System

Answer 25

Two consuls, 10 tribunes, senate, plebians vs patricians, eventual adding of plebeians into government affairs

Question 26

Slavery in the Roman World

Answer 26

Lots of slaves, would be freed for credible behavior or purchase own freedom with hard work. when freed, had restricted rights. regarded as a member of the family/household. many revolts, pirates increased slave trade

Question 27

Christianity in the Roman Empire

Answer 27

persecuted, legalized by Constantine, spread

Question 28

3rd Century Crisis

Answer 28

Corrupt emperors, border conflicts, Economic collapse

Question 29

753: Founding of Rome

Answer 29

When the Romans thought Romulus and Remus founded Rome

Question 30

Romulus and Remus

Answer 30

Brothers who founded Rome according to legend

Question 31

Founding Myths

Answer 31

Roman: Romulus and Remus in 753 BCE
Greek: Aeneas (Trojan) in 1200 BCE (His descendents are Romulus and Remus)

Question 32

Aeneas

Answer 32

Trojan hero, founds Rome, descendants are Romulus and Remus

Question 33

Ascanias

Answer 33

Son of Aeneas, founds Alba Longa

Question 34

Lavinia

Answer 34

Latin King’s (Latinus)’ daughter, marries Aeneas, hair catches fire

Question 35

Dido

Answer 35

Queen of Carthage, falls in love with Aeneas, kills herself when he leaves

Question 36

Sabines

Answer 36

Italic tribe living to the north of Rome

Question 37

Tarquinias Superbus

Answer 37

Last King of Rome

Question 38

Founding of the Republic

Answer 38

Kingship was abandoned, two consuls were installed, and Patricians became powerful

Question 39

Carthaginian Wars

Answer 39

Punic Wars, Rome vs. Carthage, Rome wins, first time they actually have an empire

Question 40

Carthage

Answer 40

North African city with a small city

Question 41

Hannibal

Answer 41

Carthaginian general, used elephants, famous

Question 42

Julius Caesar

Answer 42

Young aristocrat, United with Pompeius and Crassius, got elected as consul, becomes governor of Gaul, marches on Rome and takes over, became dictator

Question 43

Pompey

Answer 43

Pompeius Magnus, Plebian general, climbed his way to the top, defeated Mithridates, other aristocrats hated him, mad at Caesar because he makes himself look to good, befriends aristocracy against Caesar, killed

Question 44

Crassus

Answer 44

Helps Caesar and Pompey, dies

Question 45

Octavian/Augustus

Answer 45

Takes over Roman empire after bloody civil war after death of Caesar, changes his name to Augustus, won’t bring up the war, tries to emphasize peace, kills all his enemies, says he’s restoring the republic

Question 46

Cleopatra VII

Answer 46

Macedonian descent, last pharaoh, allies with Marc Antony, loses to Octavian

Question 47

Gauls/Celts

Answer 47

End Roman Rule, attack borders a lot

Question 48

Solder Emperors

Answer 48

Brutal, short lived emperors from the military who were awful at governing and everyone hated them

Question 49

Diocletian

Answer 49

Makes the tetrarchy

Question 50

Constantine

Answer 50

Unites empire, last emperor (Kinda), moves capital to Constantinople, has new Senate, legalizes Christianity