Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 320 > Exam 3: Skin Disorders And Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 3: Skin Disorders And Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Skin

A

Largest organ of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functions of the Skin include

A 
Protection
Sensation
Temperature regulation
Excretion
Absorption
Metabolism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the normal surface pH of skin?

A

4.5-5.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epidermis

A

Outermost layer of the skin.
5% thickness.
5 Layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

Outermost, strongest layer of the skin

Large amounts of keratin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The function of the stratum corneum layer is

A

To form a barrier that repels bacteria and foreign matter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The stratum corneum is thickest in what areas of the body?

A

Thickest in high stress areas - soles and palms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stratum Basale Layer

A

Deepest layer.

Supplies new cells to epidermis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The middles layers of the epidermis from innermost to outermost include

A

Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In what layers of the skin are melanocytes found?

A

In the deeper layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of melanin?

A

Helps protect the skin from ultraviolet rays.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dermis

A

Second layer; 95% thickness

Foundation for hair and nails.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is located in the dermis of the skin?

A

Nerve endings
Oil glands
Sweat glands
Blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Subcutaneous Layer

A

Third layer; composed of adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the subcutaneous layer?

A

Cushions
Insulates
Provides a source of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The subcutaneous layer is not considered when

A

Measuring skin layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Skin cells are supplied by

A

Stratum basale (deepest epidermal layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

New cells migrate

A

Up through layers and are flattened and covered with water-insoluble material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How long does it take new skin cells to reach the skin surface?

A

Three weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pigment of the skin is determined by

A

The amount of melanin.

Protects the skin from UV in sunlight.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Classification of causes of skin disorders

A
  • Infectious
  • Inflammatory
  • Neoplastic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dermatological Signs and Symptoms may be reflective of

A

disease process occurring elsewhere in the body. (Skin abnormalities indicates potential systemic causes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bacterial Skin Infections occur when

A

There is a break in the skin’s defenses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Two most common bacterial skin infections include

A

Staphylococcus and streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Bacterial skin infections: Treatment
- Many are mild and self-limiting - treated with topical antibiotics. - Serious skin infections are deep or systemic - require oral or Parenteral antibiotics.
26
Types of Bacterial Skin Infections include
``` Folliculitis Furuncles Carbuncles Cellulitis Erysipelas Impetigo ```
27
Folliculitis
Infection of the hair follicle
28
Furuncles
Inflammation of hair follicle. | Ma develop after folliculitis.
29
Carbuncles
Collection of infected hair follicles. | Painful, swollen mass; abscess may develop.
30
S&S of Carbuncles
Fever Chills Malaise
31
Impetigo
Superficial lesion of the skin. | More common in children.
32
Cellulitis
Infection of the dermis and Sub Q tissue.
33
Cellulitis occurs as
Occurs as an extension of skin wound or furuncles or carbuncles. Also associated with chronic venous insufficiency and/or stasis dermatitis.
34
What are the most common Antimicrobial drugs used to treat skin infections?
Bacitracin Polymyxin Neomycin Penicillin antibiotic
35
Common procedure for bacterial infections
Incision and drainage
36
Acne
Most common skin disorder. | Inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicles.
37
What are potential causes of acne?
- Hereditary - Stress - Drug reactions - Hormones - Androgens increase in puberty - Bacterial infections (Staph and Propionibacterium acnes) - Diet high in simple carbs and dairy
38
Acne can cause
- Hyperkeratinization of follicular epithelium - Excessive sebum production - Follicular proliferation of anaerobic p-acnes - Accumulation of debris and bacteria (causing follicle rupture)
39
What is the pathophysiology of non-inflammatory acne?
Comedones are open (blackheads) or closed (whiteheads)
40
Pathophysiology of inflammatory acne?
Develops in closed comedone when follicular wall ruptures, expelling sebum into dermis and initiating inflammation.
41
Pustules form when
It is close to the surface.
42
Papuans and cystic nodules form when it is
Deeper. | Can caused mild to severe scarring.
43
Anti-acne drugs include
- Benzoyl peroxide - Clindamycin, Erythromycin or tetracycline - Isotretinoin - Vitamin A - Birth Control Pills
44
Preferred treatment for acne is
A combination of topical retinoid, benzoyl perozide, and Antimicrobial agent.
45
Benzoyl peroxide
Keratolytic effects
46
Clinamycin, Erythromycin or Tetracycline
Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial effects
47
Isotretinoin
Pregnancy prevention contract
48
Vitamin A (Retinoic Acid)
Anti-comedogenic and comedolytic | Anti-inflammatory effects
49
Acne Rosacea
Chronic inflammation of the skin that develops in middle-aged adults
50
Acne Rosacea is triggered by
Altered innate immune response (sun exposure damage, drinking alcohol or hot beverages, hormonal)
51
Acne Rosacea: Lesions occur in
Middle third of the face (forehead, nose, cheeks and chin)
52
What types of lesions occur with acne rosacea?
Erythema Papules Pustules Telangiectasia
53
Lesion of Acnea Rosacea are associated with
Chronic, vasodilation resulting in flushing and sun sensitivity.
54
Acne Rosacea may be severe enough to cause
Bulbous appearance of the nose.
55
Treatments for Acne Rosacea include
Photoprotection Avoidance of triggers Topical (metronidazole, azelaic acid) and oral drugs (tetracycline or doxycycline) Possible surgical excision
56
Fungal skin infections
Occur in warm, moist areas on the skin.
57
What are the types of fungal infections?
``` Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) Tinea corporis (ringworm) Tinea cruris (groin, jock itch) Tinea capitis (scalp) Tinea unguium (nails) - Treated with topical antifungals ```
58
Fungal infections of the skin and mucous membranes of immunocomprised patients are
Serious and require oral or Parenteral antifungals
59
Fungi causes superficial skin infections called
Dermatophytes
60
Dermatophytes
Thrive on keratin. Termed tinea Classified according to their locations not he body.
61
Treatment for fungal infections
Topical and systemic antifungals medications (fluconazole or diflucan)
62
Candidiasis
Caused by Candida albicans. | Normally found on the skin, in the GI tract and in the vagina.
63
C. Albicans can change from
A commensalism organism to a pathogen
64
Treatment for candidiasis include
Topical and systemic antifungal agents
65
Yeastlike fungus
Found on mucous membranes on the skin, in the GI tract and vagina
66
Predisposing Factors for Candidiasis
``` Moisture, warmth, maceration or occlusion Systemic administration of antibiotics Pregnancy DM Cushing disease Debilitated states Infants younger than 6 months of age (decreased immune activity) Immunosuppressed person Neoplastic disease ```
67
Treatment for candidiasis
Topical antifungal agents
68
Common antifungal drugs
Clotrimazole | Miconazole
69
Viral Skin Infections: Childhood infections
Varicella Rubeola (measles) Rubella (German measles)
70
Viral Skin Infections: Adult infection
``` Herpes simplex (cold sores and genital lesions) Herpes zoster (shingles) ```
71
Common skin parasites include
Mites | Lice
72
Mites can cause
Scabies
73
Mites
Female burrows into skin and lays eggs Causes intense itching Spread by contact with upholstery and linens.
74
Mites: Common areas of infection
``` Fingers Extremities Trunk Axillary Gluteal folds Pubic area ```
75
Lice
Infests areas with hair. | Lays eggs and leaves debris call nits.
76
How is lice transmitted?
Infected clothing or personal contact.
77
Scabicides
Kill mites
78
Pediculicides
Kill lice
79
Treatment of choice for lice and scabies is
Permethrin (Nix)
80
Stopped on slide 33
..

NURS 320 (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions