Exam 1: Chapter 19: Adrenergic Blocking Drugs Flashcards
Adrenergic Blockers
binds to adrenergic receptors, but inhibit stimulation of SNS
Adrenergic blockers are also known as
adrenergic antagonists
sympatholytics
alpha blockers, beta blockers or alpha-beta blockers
Adrenergic blockers are classified by the
type of adrenergic receptor they block (alpha 1 and 2 receptors and beta 1 and 2 receptors)
Alpha Blockers: Drug Effects
Vasodilation (arterial and venous)
Reduced peripheral vascular resistance and BP
Miosis (pupillary constriction)
Reduced smooth muscle tone (bladder and prostate)
How can alpha blockers affect benign prostatic hyperplasia?
it affects receptors on prostate gland and bladder which decreases resistance to urinary outflow, thus reducing urinary obstruction and relieving effects of BPH
Indications for Alpha Blockers
used to control and prevent hypertension in patients with preochromocytoma
Phentolamine (Regitine)
drug of choice
alpha blocker
Phentolamine is used to
- quickly reverse potent vasoconstrictive effects of extravasated vasopressors such as norepinephrine or epinephrine
- restores blood flow and prevents tissue necrosis
Phentolamine is contraindicated in
hypersensitivity
myocardial infarction
coronary artery disease
Alpha Blockers: Most Common Adverse Effects (more on slide 7 of powerpoint)
Orthostatic Hypotension
Dizziness, Headache
Constipation
Dry mouth
Common Alpha Blockers (more on powerpoint)
phentolamine
prazosin
tamsulosin
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
alpha blocker used primarily to treat BPH
is exclusively indicated for male patients
Contraindications for Tamsulosin
known drug allergy
concurrent use of erectile dysfunction drugs
Adverse Effects of Tamsulosin
headache, abnormal ejaculation, rhinitis and others
Beta blockers
block stimulation of beta receptors in SNS
compete with norepinephrine and epinephrine
can be selective or nonselective
Nonselective beta blockers
block both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors