Exam 3 - skin alt.

Question 1

pediatric skin differences

Answer 1

thinner
more susceptible to irritants, infection
greater absorption d/t greater volume
less ability to regulate temp

Question 2

what are 4 common birthmarks

Answer 2

port wine stain
hemangiomas
mongolian spots
salmon patch (stork bite, angel kiss)

Question 3

what are 4 types of skin inflammation

Answer 3

seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap)
seborrheic diaper dermatitis
contact dermatitis
atopic dermatitis

Question 4

when does seborrheic dermatitis commonly occur and go away

Answer 4

2-3 weeks; 12 months

Question 5

atopic dermatitis is aka

Answer 5

eczema

Question 6

skin hydration measures for atopic dermatitis

Answer 6

tepid baths (< 5 minutes)
mild soap (Dove, Neutrogena)
pat skin with towel after
daily emollients within 3 minutes of tepid bath (Cetaphil, Eucerin)
avoid bubble baths, harsh soaps

Question 7

methods to control pruritus

Answer 7

short, clean nails
gloves, socks on hands
soft, cotton pjs after bath at night
clothes made of soft cotton
mild detergent first wash, no detergent 2nd wash

Question 8

what are some itching/pruritus triggers

Answer 8

certain fabrics
stuffed animals
dressing too warm for weather
powders

Question 9

meds to help with pruritus

Answer 9

antihistamines

loratadine, fexofenadine - day time
benadryl - HS

Question 10

what are 5 different kinds of skin infections

Answer 10

impetigo
cellulitis
candidiasis
tinea infections
HSV

Question 11

where is impetigo usually located

Answer 11

around the mouth, nose
can be on the extremities

Question 12

what are the 5 types of tinea

Answer 12

capitis (scalp)
corporis (trunk)
cruris (ground, buttock, scrotum)
pedis (feet)
unguium (nails, nail bed)

Question 13

how to prevent spreading impetigo

Answer 13

short nails
hand hygiene
discourage sharing towels, combs, eating utensils

Question 14

what are the 4 types of skin infestations

Answer 14

pediculosis capitis (head lice)
pediculosis corporis (body lice)
pediculosis pubis (pubic, crap lice)
mite infestation (scabies)

Question 15

what are the 3 forms/stages of lice

Answer 15

nits
nymph
adult

Question 16

describe nit

Answer 16

head lice eggs
hard to see
resembles dandruff
hatch in 1 week

Question 17

describe nymph

Answer 17

hatched louse
mature after 7 days
feed on blood for survival

Question 18

describe adult lice

Answer 18

sesame seed
6 legs
females lay nits
live 30 days on head
live 2 days off head

Question 19

children ages __ to __ and their families are the most infested pediculosis group

Answer 19

3-10 y/o

Question 20

which gender gets pediculosis more often

Answer 20

girls

Question 21

s/sx of pediculosis

Answer 21

ticking, moving feeling on head
itching
irritability
sores d/t scratching

Question 22

what to remove before applying lice treatment

Answer 22

all clothing, clean clothes after treatment

Question 23

how often to reassess hair after lice treatment

Answer 23

q2-3 days

Question 24

when to retreat after lice treatment

Answer 24

7-10 days

Question 25

review medications: slide 34

Answer 25

review medications: slide 34

Question 26

how to prevent lice reoccurences

Answer 26

machine wash clothes, towels, linens in hot water; dryer for at least 20 minutes vacuum carpets, seats, pillows, stuffed animals, rugs, mattresses, upholstered furniture seal nonwashable items for 14 days soak combs, bruses, hair accessories in lice killing products x1 hour or boiling water x10 minutes

Question 27

what is used to dx scabies

Answer 27

microscope

Question 28

how is scabies spread

Answer 28

direct, prolonged, skin-to-skin contact with infected persons

Question 29

how long can it take scabies symptoms to arise after 1st and 2nd exposure

Answer 29

1: 30-60 days 2: 48 hours

Question 30

s/sx of scabies

Answer 30

pimple-like irritants burrows or rash intense itching, esp at night sore caused by scratching

Question 31

who should be treated for scabies

Answer 31

exposed sexual partners anyone with prolonged contact

Question 32

review medications: slide 40-41

Answer 32

review medications: slide 40-41

Question 33

acne vulgaris education

Answer 33

regular, gentle cleansing apply topical meds encourage healthy lifestyle: -adequate rest, exercise, well balance diet

Question 34

who is at greatest risk for burns

Answer 34

infants, toddlers leading cause of death and injury in children

Question 35

superficial burn

Answer 35

epidermis physiologic function intact

Question 36

superficial partial thickness burn

Answer 36

epidermis, some dermis

Question 37

deep partial thickness burn

Answer 37

epidermis, dermis destruction

Question 38

full thickness burn

Answer 38

epidermis, dermis, underlying tissue

Question 39

what chart is used to calculate burns

Answer 39

Lund and Browder chart

Question 40

children with burns are at an increase risk for...

Answer 40

higher mortality rate more severe burns fluid, heat loss hypertrophic scarring cardiovascular problems infection protein, calorie deficit

Question 41

what are some major complications or electrical burns

Answer 41

cardiac arrest, dysrhythmia tissue damage myoglobinuria metabolic acidosis altered emotional state loss of short-term memory