EXAM 3: Preventing Unintentional Injury

Question 1

Are there gender differences in pediatric injuries? If so, what are they?

Answer 1

Boys experience more injuries across ages (higher levels of impulsivity, sensation seeking)

Question 2

What are passive and active interventions to prevent pediatric unintentional injury? Examples?

Answer 2

• Passive: Modifications to environment (safe playground equipment), Prevent access to hazardous products
• Active: Individuals must DO SOMETHING to reduct risk of injury, action must be repeated each time the person faces the situation

Question 3

When might one use passive versus active interventions? How effective are they each?

Answer 3

Passive interventions can be very effective, but not all risk behaviors/injuries can be prevented via passive interventions

Question 4

What is behavior skills training? Examples?

Answer 4

Includes 3-4 components (Education, Modeling, rehearsal, Corrective feedback)

Question 5

What are risk factors for unintentional injury in youth?/ In what setting(s) are different age groups of children most commonly injured?

Answer 5

• Toddler/Preschool (1-5): Often injured at home, Increase with achieving motor development milestones (climbing, falling), Common Injuries (Burns, Drowning, Poisoning, Suffocation)
• Elementary + Teens: Often injured during activities away from home, influence of peers (modeling of risk behaviors), School-age common injuries (sports, bicycle), Adolescents (Driving)
• Low income is associated with higher injury risk

Question 6

How do externalizing behavior disorders affect injuries in children?

Answer 6

• Externalizing behavior disorders (such as ADHD and )ODD) are linked to unintentional child injury risk.
• Younger children may have greater injury risk from ODD symptoms because of noncompliance with rules and supervisors’ requests, whereas older children may have greater injury risk from ADHD because inattentive and impulsive decisions