Exam 3 part 3

Question 1

Alruistic

Answer 1

Motivated by the desire to improve another’s welfare.

Question 2

audience inhibition

Answer 2

Reluctance to help for fear of making a bad impression on observers

Question 3

Bystander effect

Answer 3

The effect whereby the presence of others inhibits helping.

Question 4

diffusion of responsibility

Answer 4

responsibility

The belief that others will or should take the responsibility for providing assistance to a person in need.

Question 5

Good mood effect/fell good do good phenomenon

Answer 5

The effect whereby a good mood increases helping behaviour. (p. 383)

Question 7

kin selection

Answer 7

Help genetic relatives so commo genes will survive

Question 8

Negative state relief model

Answer 8

The proposition that people help others in order to counteract their own feelings of sadness.

Question 9

Norm of social responsibility

Answer 9

A moral standard emphasizing that people should help those who need assistance

Question 10

Pluralistic ignorance

Answer 10

The state in which people mistakenly believe that their own thoughts and feelings are different from those of others, even when everyone’s behaviour is the same

Question 11

prosocial behaviours

Answer 11

Actions intended to benefit others. (p. 361)

Question 12

social norm

Answer 12

A general rule of conduct reflecting standards of social approval and disapproval. (p. 385)

Question 13

threat-to-self-esteem model

Answer 13

The theory that reactions to receiving assistance depend on whether help is perceived as supportive or threatening. (p. 391)

Question 14

WHY WE HELP

Answer 14

Reciprocity Norm: Someone does something for you, youll help in return: social code
Rewards: It feels good to help
Social exchange theory: the benefit of doing something outweigh the cost of doing so

Question 15

When do we help?

Answer 15

Good mood: More likely to help - study with the coins in the phone boot and the phone (spilled paper on the ground)
Empathy level in oneself
Someone else model (Donation in front of grocery store, often happen in waves)

Question 16

Group differences - Male vs female, poor and rich

Answer 16

Female: more caring and nurturing
SES Rich: Less help more impact
SES Poor: More empathy, more help less impact, see it more too
Rural vs Urban: Rural, more community, less access to emergency centres, more independent

Question 17

WHO do we help

Answer 17

Attractive
similar than us
close friends etc.
People who are victims - not responsible

Question 18

When do we NOT help

Answer 18

When we are distracted or time-pressured

Question 19

Good Samaritan study and law

Answer 19

When student were in time crush for something = not helping
You have the duty to help
Kitty Genovese case = no one call the police because everyone thought other people would

Question 20

Bystander Effect

Answer 20

Presence of others inhibits helping

Question 21

Darley & latane

Answer 21

Smoke: People reported smoke quicker if they were alien
Seizure: Reporting the seizure in the other room quicker when alone

Question 22

5 Steps to Helping

Answer 22

1. See and hear
2. Interpretation - Is this an emergency??
3. Take responsibility: We have to believe that WE are responsible to act. Also evaluate cost and combat diffusion of responsibility
4. Decide how: what is require to deal with the situation
5. HELP (might get shaded by the worry about the opinions of others)

Question 23

Increase helping How?

Answer 23

Education (reward, modeling etc.)
Legislation
Practical Application of the 5steps
Persuasion (Change people’s behaviour, Choice architecture)
incentive
Highlight Autonomy
Learning about psychology