Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geology: How the Earth Works > Exam 3 part 2 > Flashcards

Exam 3 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How does gradient effect velocity/stream flow?

A

The steepness of the gradient will determine how fast it goes because gravity is controlling it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does roughness effect velocity/steam flow?

A

Smooth beds will be faster than rough beds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the highest point of velocity in a river?

A

The middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is discharge?

A

The volume of water moving past a given point in a certain amount of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is base level?

A

Base level is the lowest point to which a stream can erode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a graded stream?

A

A stream that is not eroding but is only transporting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens when you lower the base level of a stream?

A

It will down cut and cause erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two types of base level?

A

1) Ultimate (sea level)

2) local/temporary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens to sediment when you build a dam?

A

Sediment will build up behind the dam and get polluted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is stream erosion?

A

Lifting loosely consolidated particles by stronger currents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are two types of erosion?

A

1) Abrasion

2) Dissolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is dissolution in stream erosion?

A

Dissolution is when something dissolves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is abrasion in stream erosion ?

A

This is when something is broken down over time like sandpaper over wood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the stream’s load?

A

The transport of sediment by streams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 3 types of stream load?

A

1) Dissolved load
2) Suspended load
3) Bed load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the dissolved load of a stream look like?

A

It’s practically invisable to the human eye, the smallest form of particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the suspended load of the stream look like?

A

These are particles that are too small to roll at the bottom of a stream but too big to be dissolved. They make the water look muddy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the bed load of the stream look like?

A

These are large particles that roll at the bottom of a stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the capacity of a stream?

A

It’s the maximum load a stream can carry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the comptetence of a stream?

A

The maximum particle size a stream can transport

21
Q

How is the comptetence of a stream measured?

A

Through the stream’s velocity

22
Q

What causes a stream to have deposition?

A

When the velocity is decreased and the comptetence is also decreased

23
Q

Stream sediment is generally ______?

A

Well sorted

24
Q

Stream sediment is known as?

A

Alluvian

25
Q

What are point bars?

A

The opposite of cut banks, where sediment is deposited at the side of a river

26
Q

What are braided streams?

A

They are multiple streams together with lots of sediment, they have sediment islands form when their velocity slows down making the streams braided

27
Q

What are natural levees?

A

These form parallel to the stream channel by successive floods over many years

28
Q

What are yazoo tributaries?

A

A tributary that runs parallel to a river, especially when separated by a natural levee

29
Q

What is a flood plain?

A

a marshy area where floodwater may be contained between valley walls

30
Q

What are backswamps?

A

poorly drained oval shaped depression located between the natural levees and the edge of the floodplain

31
Q

What is an alluvial fan?

A

They are slopes in a broad arc that have been developed by a high gradient stream that leaves a narrow valley

32
Q

What are the 3 types of beds in a delta?

A

1) Bottom beds
2) Forest beds
3) Topset beds

33
Q

What is the most common landforms on the Earth’s surface?

A

Stream valleys

34
Q

What are the two types of stream valleys?

A

1) Narrow valleys

2) Wide valleys

35
Q

What is the base level of a stream?

A

the lowest point to which it can flow, often referred to as the ‘mouth of the river’.

36
Q

What is a terrace?

A

It’s a step like formation: remnants of a former flood plain

37
Q

What is a drainage basin?

A

A watershed: an area of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas

38
Q

What is the ‘Divide’ of a drainage basin?

A

It is an imaginary line separating one basin from another

39
Q

What are the four common drainage patterns?

A

1) Dendritic
2) Radial
3) Rectangular
4) Trellis

40
Q

What does a dendritic drainage pattern look like and how does it develop?

A

It looks like a tree, many branches, it develops on highly uniform bedrock

41
Q

What does a Radial drainage pattern look like and how does it develop?

A

It’s a star like pattern, develops on isolated volcanic cones or domes.

42
Q

What does a Rectangular drainage pattern look like and how does it develop?

A

It looks rectangular/brick like, developed on highly jointed bedrock

43
Q

What does a Trellis drainage pattern look like and how does it develop?

A

it’s like a river with horizontal lines going out the sides, developed in areas of alternating weak and resistant bedrock

44
Q

What is stream piracy?

A

This is where the headward erosion will cut back in the stream far enough that it might intersect with another stream and steal water from it to the point that it diverts the stream it stole from

45
Q

What is an example of stream piracy in OHIO?

A

The cuyahoga river

46
Q

What is a water gap?

A

A notch where a river cuts through a ridge that lies in its path

47
Q

What is headward erosion?

A

When the stream gains enough water (Rain) to start run off and may have the stream erode at it’s head

48
Q

What’s the difference between erosional floodplains and depositional flood plains?

A

depositional flood plains are when the river meanders around the flood plain, not really cutting into it, while erosional flood plains will cut into the flood plain and begin downwards a slope

Geology: How the Earth Works (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions