Exam 3 - News Media

Question 1

what was the earliest form of media?

Answer 1

newspaper

Question 2

why did newspaper free themselves from partisan ties? (4)

Answer 2

1. to increase circulation
2. to appeal to ALL Americans, not just party supporters
3. objective reporting of facts, rather than bias
4. developed dependence on expanded audience/ mass circulation and advertisements to produce profit

Question 3

what is muckraking journalism?

Answer 3

journalism dedicated to exposing misconducts by government, businesses, and individual politicians

Question 4

what does muckraking journalism do? (2)

Answer 4

1. expose poor working conditions and exploitation of workers
2. stimulated demands for anti-trust regulations

Question 5

what was the result of journalism shifting into a more profitable business (4)

Answer 5

1. leads to development of norms within the journalism profession
2. more careful/ less adversarial in reporting
3. clearer standards about how to evaluate behavior of people in power
4. journalism becomes more professionalized

Question 6

how did most American receive their news in the 1960s?

Answer 6

through TVs or the internet

Question 7

Newspaper readership is at a historical HIGH point in the US compared to most other industrialized nation

Answer 7

FALSE
newspaper readership is at a historically LOW point in the US

Question 8

what was the importance of radios (2)

Answer 8

1. brought faster, more personal news to homes
2. consumers felt personal connections to individuals

Question 9

what was the importance of Television, in regards to news?

Answer 9

1. brought news right into the home
2. more immediate / faster
   ~ Vietnam War
   ~ presidential debate

Question 10

What has twitter done to figure out what is real news?

Answer 10

ban certain accounts

Question 11

what are some countries doing in regards to social media and news?

Answer 11

banning comments

Question 12

what does private ownership ensure?

Answer 12

ensures media independence but brings market pressure that do exist in state-run systems

Question 13

is private ownership owned by states?

Answer 13

NO

Question 14

how do news media make profit?

Answer 14

they pressure to consolidate ownership and reap benefits of larger market shares and fewer large-scale competitors

Question 15

what is the result of media consolidation

Answer 15

fewer news option

Question 16

what are the benefits of narrow casting?

Answer 16

can promote interest of populations that might otherwise be left out of mainstream media

Question 17

what are the cons of narrow casting? (3)

Answer 17

1. confirms preexisting bias (increases chance that group members will rely on news that appeals to their preexisting views
2. limit exposure to broad range of information
3. enables political leaders to avoid particularly hard-hitting news reporters

Question 18

what is narrow casting?

Answer 18

targeting media programming at a specific populations within society

Question 19

examples of narrow casting

Answer 19

fox emphasizing conservatives viewpoints
MSNBC emphasizing liberal viewpoints

Question 20

six media chains account for ____ of news content

Answer 20

90%

Question 21

what is the only independent TV network

Answer 21

CBS

Question 22

what two companies dominate the radio

Answer 22

COX communication & clear channel

Question 23

Comcast owns (1)
Disney owns (2)

Answer 23

1. NBC
2. ABC

Question 24

Why is their concern of one company owning a bunch of networks?

Answer 24

Could limit the flow of information and ideas