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Political Science > Exam 3 - Interest Groups > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Interest Groups Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the role of interest groups? (4)

A
  1. represent individuals, corporate interests, and the public before the govt
  2. the inform the public and lawmakers about issues
  3. monitor the govt
  4. promote policies that benefit their interests
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2
Q

political parties are older than interest groups (T/F)

A

FALSE
interest groups are older

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3
Q

interest groups are a more __(1)__ organization

A

neutral

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4
Q

why where early interest groups created?

A

created to provide service or bring together ppl with shared interest who wanted to make a joint case to govt

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5
Q

how are interest groups different than political parties? (2)

A
  1. interest groups DO NOT primary elect candidates under a PARTY LABEL (do not elect a candidate under a party)
  2. do not control the operation of govt
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6
Q

interest groups are more __(1)__ than political parties (3)

A
  1. more issue-specific
  2. narrowly focused
  3. cross party lines
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7
Q

interest groups are a sign of

A

a healthy civil society

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8
Q

arenas that exist between state and individual and within which groups take collective action on shared interest

A

a civil society

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9
Q

any formal association of individuals or organizations that attempt to influence govt decision-making and the making of public policy

A

interest group

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10
Q

what is a lobbyist

A

represents the interest organization before the govt

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11
Q

what can a lobbyist do?

A

influences decisions made by elected officials on behalf of individuals, groups or organizations

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12
Q

Interest groups are not beneficial (T/F)

A

(FALSE, interest groups are beneficial to have an healthy civil society)

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13
Q

in what forms can interest groups take?

A
  1. take forms as membership organizations where individuals join voluntarily and pay dues
  2. take form to represent companies
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14
Q

seek particularized benefits from govt that favor either a single interest or a narrow set of interest

A

private interest groups

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15
Q

attempt to promote public or collective goods that help most or all citizens

A

public interest groups

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16
Q

what are collective goods

A

are benefits tangible or intangible

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17
Q

what is collective action within an interest group

A

means that all members do the necessary work to keep the group funded and operating

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18
Q

when do collective problems exist?

A

when people have a disincentive to take action and decide to sit back and count on someone else to do their work

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19
Q

what are free riders

A

those who do not take action in a group

20
Q

what are 6 ways you can overcome a collective action problems?

A
  1. obtain financial support from patrons outside the group
  2. offer incentives
  3. hire a lobbyist
  4. offer material incentives
  5. offer incentives that focus on the issues or causes promoted by the group
  6. require membership to be part of an organization
21
Q

how do interest groups benefit political parties? (4)

A
  1. encourage voting
  2. campaign
  3. contact lawmakers
  4. inform the public about causes
22
Q

what are grassroots movements?

A

movements that start from the bottom up among small number of people

23
Q

how do interest groups frame their issues?

A

frame their issues that benefit their causes

24
Q

what do interest group do with those issues that concern them, in regard to govt?

A

get those issues on the govt agenda and monitor govt programs

25
Q

the power of unions have increased (T/F)

A

FALSE
the power of unions have decreased

26
Q

what are 3 recent changes to U.S. Interest groups?

A
  1. interest groups that represent the public has grown
  2. specialization & fragmentation of existing interest have increased
  3. increase in professionalizing lobbyist
27
Q

citizens with lower socioeconomic status are WELL represented by interest groups (T/F)

A

FALSE

28
Q

what are 5 reasons why those of lower socioeconomic status are not represented well by interest groups?

A
  1. they do not have the same opportunities to join groups
  2. they lack the free time to participate
  3. financial barriers
  4. they may not believe that the can make a difference or that the govt cares about them
  5. unable to gain access to powerful lobbyists
29
Q

who do interest groups support?

A

candidates who are sympathetic to their views

30
Q

why do interest groups support certain candidates?

A

to have access to lawmakers once they are in office

31
Q

What are Political Action Committees?

A

groups that collect funds from donors and distribute them to candidate who support their issues

32
Q

Cons of PACs

A
  1. do not have any requirements as to how much money they get
  2. n transparency in where they get their money and how they spend it
  3. they can create any forms of advertisement
33
Q

what group is the opposite of PACs

A

Campaign finance support

34
Q

How do interest groups influence the govt? (3)

A
  1. provide lawmakers w/ information about technical details of political proposals, fellow lawmakers’ stands, and constituents’ perception
  2. give voting cues
  3. target members of relevant communities
35
Q

what are voting cues

A

give lawmakers an indication of how to vote on issues and information about ideas that can get on

(basically they help lawmakers determine how they want to vote & lets them know about issues they should support)

36
Q

what are the 2 ways that interest groups work?

A

Direct and Indirect influence

37
Q

what 3 things are involved in the direct influence of an interest group?

A
  1. lobbying elected officials in govt
  2. lobbying bureaucrats after legislation passed
  3. utilized the courts
38
Q

what is involved in the indirect influence of an interest group?

A
  1. lobby parties, public opinion & the media TO GET ON YOUR SIDE
39
Q

what does direct influence target?

A

targets the govt directly

40
Q

what was the 1995 lobbying disclosure act?

A

defined as who can and cannot lobby, and requires lobbyist and interest groups to register with the federal govt

41
Q

what did the 1995 lobby disclosure act require?

A

required lobbyists and interest groups to register with the federal govt

42
Q

what did the honest leadership and open govt act of 2007 do?

A

increased restrictions on lobbying

43
Q

what can interest groups not do?

A

they cannot provide gifts to lawmakers or compensate lobbyist with commission

44
Q

what does the govt require in interest groups?

A

requires disclosure about the amount of money spent on lobbying efforts

45
Q

what are considered forms of free speech when in comes to interest groups?

A

campaign spending (expenditures) are a form of free speech

the Supreme court has twice supported this

46
Q

It is NOT AGREED that interest groups have a right under the constitution to promote a point of view (T/F)

A

FALSE it is agreed that interest groups can do this

47
Q

the extent of free speech of interest groups is highly agreed upon. (T/F)

A

FALSE

most do not allow interest groups to start riots as a form of free speech

Political Science (18 decks)

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