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2025 Exam block 5 > Exam 3: Lecture 39 - Ruminant Female Reproductive system COPY > Flashcards

Exam 3: Lecture 39 - Ruminant Female Reproductive system COPY Flashcards

1
Q

What is the reproductive act and offspring of cows called?

A

-Act = calving
-Offspring = calf

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2
Q

What is the reproductive act and offspring of ewes called?

A

-Act = lambing
-Offspring = lamb

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3
Q

What is the reproductive act and offspring of sows called?

A

-Act = farrowing
-Offspring = pig

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4
Q

What is the reproductive act and offspring of hens called?

A

-Act = hatching
-Offspring = chick

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5
Q

What is the reproductive act and offspring of mares called?

A

-Act = foaling
-Offspring = foal

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6
Q

What is the reproductive act and offspring of goats called?

A

-Act = kidding
-Offspring = kid

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7
Q

Where will you reach rectally in cattle to palpate the uterine horns?

A

-Reach ventrally and below the rim of her pelvis
-Uterine horns go ventrally beyond the rim of the pelvis

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8
Q

Where will you palpate the uterine horns rectally in equines?

A

-Dorsally and higher up than cattle

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9
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Suspensory ligament of the ovary

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10
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Mesovarium (for ovary)

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11
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Mesosalpinx (for oviduct)

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12
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Mesometrium (for uterus)

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13
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Rectogenital excavation

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14
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Vesicogenital excavation

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15
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Pubovesical excavation

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16
Q

If you put the patient in dorsal recumbency (laying on back with stomach facing up), what is the orientation of systems from ventral to dorsal?

A
  1. Renal system (ventral)
  2. Reproductive tract
  3. GIT (dorsal)
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17
Q

When performing an ovariohysterectomy, what are the structures you will look for to find the reproductive tract?

A

-Reproductive tract will lie between the renal system & GIT
-When on back, you will first encounter the renal system, then the reproductive tract, then the GIT

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18
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Body of uterus

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19
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Ovary

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20
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Infundibulum

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21
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Oviduct

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22
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Horn of uterus

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23
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Cervix

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24
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Bladder

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25
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Vulva

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26
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Vagina

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27
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Rectum

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28
Q

Where does fertilization occur in ruminant females?

A

-Oviduct

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29
Q

The _____ begins as a funnel-shaped tube that engulfs the ovary

A

-Oviduct

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30
Q

When ovulation occurs, what happens?

A

-Ovium is picked up by the infundibulum and channeled into the oviduct (also known as the fallopian tube), where fertilization takes place if sperm is present

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31
Q

Where does implantation occur?

A

-In the internal lining of the uterus

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32
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Isthmus

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33
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Mesosalpinx

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34
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Ampullary-isthmic junction

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35
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Ampulla

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36
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Infundibulum

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37
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Bladder

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38
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Vagina

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39
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Cervix

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40
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Ovary

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41
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Uterus

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42
Q

What are the functions of the ovary?

A

-Produces ova (eggs)
-Secretes estrogen
-Secretes progesterone

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43
Q

What is the ovary?

A

-Site of gamete production

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44
Q

What is important to know about the ovary?

A

-Ova are fully developed at puberty & are not continuously produced like sperm in the male
-All species contain 2 functional ovaries except the hen

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45
Q

What is indicated by the star?

A

-Follicles

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46
Q

What is indicated by the star?

A

-Ovaries

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47
Q

What is this?

A

-Superovulated ovary

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48
Q

How many eggs do cows and ewe’s ovulate per estrus?

A

-Cow = 1 egg
-Ewe = 1-3 eggs

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49
Q

What are these?

A

-Follicular cyst

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50
Q

What are follicular cyst?

A

-Anovulatory structures
-Corpus luteum absent
-Occur most commonly during postpartum period (Days 15-45)

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51
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Ovary

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52
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Uterine orifice of uterine tube

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53
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Proper ligament of ovary

54
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Horn of uterus

55
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Caruncles

56
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Intercornual ligg.

57
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Body of uterus

58
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Ovarian bursa

59
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Uterine tube

60
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Abdominal orifice of uterine tube

61
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Infundibulum & fimbriae of uterine tube

62
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Internal orifice of uterus

63
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Cervix & cervical canal

64
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-External orifice of uterus & portio vaginalis of cervix

65
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Orifice of major vestibular gland

66
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Vestuble of vagina

67
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Labia of vagina

68
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

69
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-External urethral orifice

70
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

71
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

72
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Fornix of vagina

73
Q

What is the fornix of the vagina?

A

-Blind sac around the cervix
-Important for AI

74
Q

What is the external urethral orifice?

A

-Where you urinate from

75
Q

What is the intercornual ligg.?

A

-Connective tissue between the left 7 right horn
-Can grab during rectal palpation to get to the uterine horns and ovary

76
Q

What is the path of the ovum?

A
  1. Ovary
  2. Infundibulum
  3. Oviduct
  4. Uterine horn
  5. Body of uterus
  6. Cervix
  7. Vagina
77
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

78
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Infundibulum

79
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

80
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

81
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

82
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Body of uterus

83
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Uterine horn

84
Q

What is the remnant of connective tissue from the umbilical vein?

A

-Falciform ligament

85
Q

What is 3?

86
Q

What is 13?

A

-Round ligament of bladder

87
Q

What is 29?

A

-Internal urethral orifice

88
Q

What is happening with the ovary here?

A

-Bulging round corpus luteum that can be mistaken for luteal cyst on palpation b/c shape
-Called a cystic CL

89
Q

Explain a cystic CL

A

-Produce the same concentration of progesterone as a solid CL, so it functions normally

90
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Intercornal ligament

91
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Proper ligament of the ovary

92
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Right uterine horn

93
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Right ovary

94
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Uterine body

95
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

96
Q

What is the vagina?

A

-Serves as a receptacle for male’s penis

97
Q

During natural mating, where is the semen deposited in the cow?

A

-In the vagina near the cervix

98
Q

How is AI performed in the cow?

A

-An insemination instrument is threaded through the vagina & cervix & semen is deposited at the uterine side of the cervix

99
Q

The external opening of the vagina is known as the

100
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

101
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

102
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Vestibule

103
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

104
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

105
Q

What is this to demonstrate?

A

-The fetus dominates and takes over the abdomen, causing organs to be pushed in different places b/c the body is trying to grow the fetus

106
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Chorioallantois

107
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Cotyledons

108
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Amnion with fetus

109
Q

Where is the placentome?

A

-Inside the placenta of ruminants

110
Q

What is the placentome in ruminants made of?

A

-Cotyledon & caruncle

111
Q

What is the purpose of the placentome?

A

-Allows gas exchange & blood sugar from the dam to the feti

112
Q

How do the cotyledons and caruncles interact in the placentome?

A

-The cotyledons have fibers that interdigitate into caruncle
-The caruncles have indentations where fibers of cotyledon interdigitate

113
Q

What happens in the alveoli of the ruminant mammary gland?

A

-Where milk is being formed from the matrix of the mammary gland & exiting through the lactiferous ducts

114
Q

How is milk produced in the mammary gland and what is the route from there out the teat?

A
  1. Milk is produced in the matrix of the parenchyma of the mammary gland
  2. Goes through the alveoli down into a little bit of ducts
  3. Collects in the gland cistern & goes past the annular ring (sphincter at proximal end of teat canal)
  4. End of teat cistern
  5. Exits teat orifice
115
Q

T/F: There is a suspensory ligament on the mammary gland

A

-TRUE!!
-Divides left and right side of the mammary glands

116
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Cotyledon

117
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

118
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Gland cistern

119
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Teat cistern

120
Q

What is indicated by the blue star?

A

-Teat orifice

121
Q

What is the medial suspensory ligament?

A

-Connects pelvic symphysis supporting the udder in perfect balance
-Made up of 2 sheets of elastic yellow tissue -> each sheet covers the flat surface of the inside of each half of the udder

122
Q

How many mammary components (teats) are there in bovine, equine, and caprine?

A

-Bovine = 4 teats
-Caprine = 2 teats
-Equine = 2 teats

123
Q

What is the drain supply of the mammary gland? (The ones you’re supposed to know)

A

-Caudal epigastric superficial v. (aka Milk v.)
-External pudendal a. & v. (drains caudal part of mammary gland)

–> These work together!!

124
Q

What is a?

A

-Lilohypogastric n.

125
Q

What is b?

A

-Liloingual n.

126
Q

What is c?

A

-Genitofemoral n.

127
Q

What is c’?

A

-Cranial branch

128
Q

What is c”?

A

-Caudal branch

129
Q

What is d?

A

-Lateral cutaneous femoral n.

130
Q

What is e?

A

-Pudendal n.

131
Q

What is f?

A

-Mammary branch of pudendal n.

2025 Exam block 5 (25 decks)

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