Exam 3: Lecture 37 - Ruminant Male Reproductive system Flashcards
What is being shown here?
-Flehman response
What is the Fehman response?
-Trying to get scent of female into olfactory system to determine if they are in heat or not
What is c?
-Testicular a. & v.
What is d?
-Vaginal ring
What is e?
-Ductus deferens
What is 6?
-Bulbospongiosus m. at bulb of penis
What is 7?
-Ischiocavernosus m. & crus penis
What is 8?
-Retractor penis m.
What is 9?
-Superficial inguinal ln
What type of penis do ruminants have?
-Fibrocartilaginous penis
What structure does the ruminant penis have that differs from other species comparatively?
-Sigmoid flexure
What is the sigmoid flexure?
-“S” shaped curve that allows the penis to be retracted into the body & protected (straightens out during erection)
What happens to the penis when there is no parasympathetic response?
-Retractor penis m. will pull penis back into sigmoid shape (b/c not excited)
What happens to the penis when there is a parasympathetic response?
-Retractor penis m. will relax causing the penis to extend beyond the end of the prepuce
Parasympathetic response does that to the penis?
-Causes erection
What response is ejaculation?
-Sympathetic (remember as aww poor guy finished too quick)
Why are the testes located in the scrotum in mammals?
-To maintain temperature
-Need a slightly cooler temperature for spermatogenesis to occur
What is indicated by the star?
-Ampulla
What is indicated by the star?
-Prostate gland
What is indicated by the star?
-Cremaster muscle
What is indicated by the star?
-Ductus deferens
What is indicated by the star?
-Glans penis
What is indicated by the star?
-Ischiocavernosus m.
What is indicated by the star?
-Retractor penile m.
What is indicated by the star?
-Penile shaft
What is indicated by the star?
-Urinary bladder
What is indicated by the star?
-Seminal Vesicle gland
What is indicated by the star?
-Testis
What is indicated by the star?
-Urethra
Where is the prostate gland typically located?
-Tends to be around the urethra beyond or distal to the bladder (across broader species)
The ischiocavernosus m. is located
-At the base of the penis
What is the route of ejaculation?
Semen exit to Ductus deferens -> ampulla -> urethra -> bulbourethral gland -> prostate gland -> out the penis
What is important about sperm moving through the reproductive system before exiting as ejaculate?
-It picks up additional fluids to help protect it from the vagina (vagina designed to keep things out)
What is indicated by the blue arrow?
-Head of the epididymis
What is indicated by the blue arrow?
-Tail of the epididymis
What is the male sex cell and where is it made?
-Sperm
-Made from testis
What is the female sex cell and where is it made?
-Ovum
-Made from ovary
Where is the male sex cell contained?
-Contained in scrotum
What is the scrotum & what does it do?
-External sac that hold testicles outside of body to keep sperm at 4-5 degrees cooler than body temp. (b/c spermatogenesis won’t occur if testis too warm)
What are the testicles & what do they do?
-Primary male organs of reproduction
-To produce sperm
-To secrete testosterone
What is the ductus deferens and its function?
-Slender tube from epididymis to urethra which moves sperm to the urethra at ejaculation
What is the urethra?
-Long tube from bladder to penis
-Passageway for urine and sperm out of the body
What is the penis type of equines compared to bovines?
-Equines = musculocavernous type
-Bovine, caprine, ovine = fibroelastic type
What is the penis?
-Male organ of copulation which conveys semen & urine out of the body
What is the penis retractor m.?
-Allows extension & retraction of the penis
-Sigmoid flexure extends in copulation
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Retractor penis m.
What is indicated by the blue star?
-Preputial skin
What is D?
-Raphe of penis
What is C?
-Urethral process
What is B?
-External urethral orifice
What is A?
-Glans penis
What is E?
-Fascia of penis
What is F?
-Tunica albugenia
What is J?
-Corpus cavernosum
What is K?
-Corpus spongiosum & urethra
What is shown here?
-Frenulum
-Should be broken down naturally around time of birth
Describe the descent of the testis
-Fetal development begins with testicles located retroperitoneally between peritoneum & body wall
-Initially the gubernaculum passes ventrally through inguinal canal into scrotum (followed by testicle & epididymis)
-As testicle moves through inguinal canal it picks up the parietal peritoneum & fascial layers of inner & outer abdominal wall
-These become the vaginal tunic once outside of abdomen
