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Neuroanatomy > Exam #3: lab VI > Flashcards

Exam #3: lab VI Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember the function of the cranial nerves?

A

“Some Say Money Matters But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More”

I= Some, Sensory
II= Say, Sensory 
III= Money, Motor
IV= Matters, Motor 
V= But, BOTH
VI= My, Motor 
VII= Brother, BOTH
VIII= Says, Sensory
IX= Big, BOTH
X= Brains, BOTH
XI= Matter, Motor
XII= More, Motor
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2
Q

What is the “rule of four?”

A

12 Cranial Nerves w/ 3x parts of the midbrain that they come off of:

1) Midbrain= III & IV
2) Pons= V, VI, VII, VIII
3) Medulla= IX, X, XI, XII

CN I & II are tracts of the brain and do NOT come off the brainstem

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3
Q

Where are the pure motor nuclei located? Where are the pure sensory nuclei located? Both?

A 
Motor= medial 
Sensory= lateral 
Both= intermediate
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4
Q

Which retinal fields cross at the optic chiasma?

A

Temporal visual fields cross at the optic chiasm

  • **Note that this is different from the RETINA
  • Temporal part of the retina does NOT cross, but carries nasal visual fields
  • Nasal part of the retina DOES cross, but carries temporal visual fields
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5
Q

Where does the optic tract synapse?

A

Lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

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6
Q

Where does CN III emerge from the brain?

A

Interpeduncular fossa

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7
Q

What foramen does CN III traverse?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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8
Q

What is the only CN to cross in the brain?

A

CN IV

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9
Q

What part of the brainstem is the MCP associated with?

A

Pons

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10
Q

What foramen do the divisions of CN V traverse?

A

Ophthalmic= superior orbital fissure

Maxillary= foramen rotundum

Mandibular= foramen ovale

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11
Q

Where do CN VII & VIII travel to exit the skull?

A

Internal acoustic meatus of the petrous portion of the temporal bone

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12
Q

What is the landmark for differentiating between CN IX, X, & XI and XII?

A

Olive

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13
Q

Where does CN XII exit the brain?

A

Hypoglossal canal

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14
Q

What are the two CN nuclei that are located in the spinal cord?

A

CN V

CN XI

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15
Q

Where is the nucleus of CN XI located in cross-section?

A

Upper cervical cord, lateral to the ventral horn

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16
Q

Where nucleus of CN V is located in the cervical spinal cord?

A

Spinal nucleus of V

*****Takes over the region of the substantia gelatinosa

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17
Q

What order neuron is the spinal nucleus of CN V?

A

2nd

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18
Q

What axons synapse with the spinal nucleus of CN V?

A

Spinal tract of V

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19
Q

What sensations are being carried by the spinal tracts of CN V?

A

Pain

Temperature

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20
Q

What are the hallmarks for the caudal medulla?

A

Olive

Pyramids

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21
Q

Where is the Solitary Nucleus located?

A

Medulla (intermediate zone)

22
Q

What is the function of the Solitary Tract?

A

Taste from the CN in the medulla i.e.

  • IX (posterior 1/3 of the tongue)
  • X (pharynx)
23
Q

What CN are associated with the Nucleus Ambiguus?

A

CN IX
CN X

*****This is a motor nucleus that is associated with the muscles of the palate and the larynx

24
Q

What is the one muscle the CN IX innervates?

A

Stylopharyngeus muscle

25
Q

What are motor CNs considered?

A

LMN

26
Q

What muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

A

All of the muscles of the tongue except for the palatopharyngeus m that is innervated by CN X

27
Q

What cell bodies are housed by the dorsal vagal nucleus?

A

Pre-synaptic PNS of the vagus nerve (CN X)

28
Q

What are the hallmarks of the rostral medulla?

A

Pyramids
Olive
Open 4th ventricle
ICP

29
Q

What is the MLF? What is the function of the MLF?

A

Medial Longitudinal Fasiculus; connect CN nuclei (CN III, IV, VI, & VIII)

*****Plays and important role in reflex movements of the head and neck/ balance

30
Q

What is the arterial supply to the medial lemniscus of the medulla?

A

Penetrating branches from the anterior spinal arteries

31
Q

What ganglia is the inferior salivatory nucleus associated with? What is the function?

A

Otic ganglia

  • CN IX
  • Parotid gland
32
Q

What are the hallmarks for the caudal pons?

A

Basis pontis

Open 4th ventricle

33
Q

What is the superior salivatory nucleus associated with?

A

CN VII

  • Submandibular ganglia
  • Ptergyopalantine ganglia
34
Q

What are the three parts of the trigeminal nuclear complex? What are the functions associated with these three parts?

A
  • Mesencephalic= proprioception
  • Principal sensor= discriminative touch
  • Motor nucleus= motor to muscles of mastication
35
Q

What is the hallmark for the caudal midbrain?

A

Decussation of the SCP

36
Q

What are the two unique features of the trochlear nerve?

A

1) Crosses in the brain

2) Emerges from the dorsal side of the brain

37
Q

What is the hallmark of the rostral midbrain?

A

Red nucleus

38
Q

What CN is associated with being able to see the Red Nucleus?

A

CN III

39
Q

What function is associated with the Edinger Westphal nucleus?

A

PNS of CN III

40
Q

What is the function of the posterior commissure?

A

Connects the temporal lobes

41
Q

What are the structures that border the posterior commissure?

A

Superior colliculus

Cerebral aqueduct

42
Q

What is the lamina terminalis?

A

Anterior most portion of the hypothalamus?

43
Q

What is the dominant hemisphere for language?

A

Left (think L_eft= L_angugage)

44
Q

What are the two gyri located in Broca’s area?

A

Opercular

Triangular

45
Q

What are the two gyri located in Wernicke’s area?

A

Supremarginal

Angular

46
Q

What are the three gyri located in the temporal lobe?

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

47
Q

What is the gyrus located in the lateral fissure? What is its function?

A

Transverse Gyrus of Heschl i.e. Primary Auditory Cortex

48
Q

What part of the cortex is associated with the calcarine fissure?

A

Primary visual cortex

49
Q

What is the superior gyrus that forms the primary visual cortex?

A

Cuneus Gyrus

50
Q

What is the inferior gyrus that forms the primary visual cortex?

A

Lingual Gyrus

Neuroanatomy (36 decks)

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