Exam 3 Bio 322 Flashcards
In regular aerobic exercisers, the baroreceptor reflex resets to a higher mean arterial pressure before the person starts exercising.
a. True
b. False
a. True
The increase in mean arterial pressure during a moderate aerobic exercise is due to the normal operation of the baroreceptor reflex.
a. True
b. False
b. False
Where is iron primarily stored in the body?
a. lungs
b. spleen
c. stomach
d. liver
e. bone marrow
f. heart
g. pancreas
h. kidney
d. liver
What organ is the primary destroyer of damaged red blood cells in normal individuals?
a. bone marrow
b. kidney
c. spleen
d. heart
e. lungs
f. stomach
g. liver
h. pancreas
c. spleen
What organ produces erythropoietin?
a. bone marrow
b. pancreas
c. stomach
d. heart
e. liver
f. spleen
g. kidney
h. lungs
g. kidney
Where is most of the iron in your body?
In red blood cells bound to hemoglobin
About how long does a red blood cell live in circulation?
About 120 days
What is normal red blood cell turnover (as a percent of total circulating red blood cells)?
About 1% per day
What is the single most common protein in the blood?
Fibrinogen
Other than fatigue, what other factor would prevent you from holding a very heavy weight up for very long?
Blocking blood flow so that the oxygen is not delivered and waste products build up
What does desquamation mean? (how it is used)
Loss of epithelial cells from a surface
What word refers to the development of red blood cells, and where in the body does this process occur?
Erythropoiesis-bone marrow
What three factors were mentioned in lecture as contributing to arterial diastolic pressure?
- Heart Rate
- Systolic pressure/pulse pressure
- Total peripheral pressure
What four factors during aerobic exercise contribute to the increase in venous return?
- Increased activity of the skeletal muscle pump
- Increased depth and frequency of inspiration
- Sympathetically mediated increase in venous tone
- Faster blood flow away from the arterioles
What two types of receptors are activated in muscles during exercise that send inputs into the medulla oblongata? What do each receptor type detect during exercise?
- Mechanoreceptors-contractions
2. Chemoreceptors-low O2, high metabolites
Describe the shape of a human red blood cell.
Biconcave disc
What is the advantage of not having a nucleus if you are a red blood cell?
more surface area
fold easier
more room for hemoglobin
In which ways can iron normally leave the body?
desquamation
menstral blood
What two vitamins are needed to make DNA were mentioned in the video? These vitamins are needed to make which nucleotide in DNA? Which of these vitamins can only be found in animal products?
- Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) needed to make thymine
2. Vitamin B12 (found in animal sources)
What hormone is needed to make red blood cells? What is the primary stimulus for its production?
Erythropoietin-decreased O2 to the kidney
What is hemostasis?
Stoppage of bleeding
What are the three steps of hemostasis in order?
- Vasoconstriction + contact stickiness
- Platelet plug
- Formation of blood clot (thrombus)
Other than thromboxane A2, what other chemical was mentioned in the video as being secreted by activated platelets and what is its effect?
Serotonin-causes vasodilation
Increasing heart rate would tend to
a. decrease diastolic pressure
b. decrease pulse pressure
c. increase diastolic pressure
d. increase pulse pressure
b. decrease pulse pressure
c. increase diastolic pressure