Exam 3: Basic Protein Lecture

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Organized complex of amino acids

Question 2

Amino acid structure

Answer 2

C, H, N, O (sometimes S)

Question 3

Amino acids vary by …?

Answer 3

• Amino acids vary by side chains (20 different essential AA)

Question 4

Branched chain amino acid unique metabolism allows them to be used for

Answer 4

Branched chain amino acid unique metabolism allows them to be used for energy by
muscle cells.

Question 5

Which amino acids have sulfur in their branch chain?

a. cysteine and methionine

Answer 5

Cysteine and Methionine

Question 6

• _________ is most simple structure

Answer 6

• Glycine is most simple structure

Question 7

2 amino acid chain

Answer 7

Dipeptide

Question 8

3 amino acid chain

Answer 8

Tripeptide

Question 9

usually many amino acids

Answer 9

Polypeptide

Question 10

• Protein- usually 50+ or 100+

Question 11

• Has polypeptide backbone chain

Question 12

Amino acid classification

Answer 12

• Non-essential amino acids
• Essential amino acids

Question 13

• Essential amino acids
  produce by body yes or no?

Answer 13

can make some of it but dont make enough, need to
consume

Question 14

PVT MT HILL

Answer 14

Phenylalanine, Valine, Tryptophan, Methionine, Threonine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine

Question 15

What is a limiting amino acid?

Answer 15

A limiting amino acid is an essential amino acid that is present in the smallest amount relative to the body’s needs when consuming a particular food or protein source.

Answer 16

Alanine is a precursor of pyruvate and plays a role in gluconeogenesis and amino
transport.

Answer 17

• Arginine is a precursor of creatine and plays a role in energy metabolism.

Answer 18

• Cysteine is a precursor of Glutathione (protects athletes from oxidative stress) and
  plays a role in oxidation/reduction

Answer 19

• Glutamine is a precursor of purines and pyrimidines and plays a role in nucleic acids.

Answer 20

• Lysine is a precursor of carnitine and plays a role in lipid transport.

Answer 21

• Phenylalanine is a precursor of tyrosine (which plays a role in hormones) and plays a role in hormone synthesis.

Answer 22

• Tryptophan is a precursor of serotonin and plays a role in neurotransmitters. It also is
  a precursor of niacin which plays a role in vitamins. Protein classification
  💪

Question 23

• Complete

Question 24

• Incomplete (would not sustain life alone)

Question 25

What foods provide complete protein?

Answer 25

• Animal foods: meat, milk, fish, poultry, eggs
• Legumes
• Soybeans especially high quality - Nuts
• Pistachios are shown to be a complete protein
• Grains
• Some sports bars and drinks

Question 26

Protein Requirements:

• Adult RDA

Answer 26

• 0.8 g/kg

Question 27

Protein Requirements:

Answer 27

• Per weight, need is greatest for infants

Question 28

Protein Requirements:
- Usually recommended

Answer 28

12-15% of calories