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Nutr 512- Nutrition For Athletes > Exam 1: Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Exam 1: Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

Epidemiological research is useful in identifying relationships between variables and generating hypotheses and is often a precursor to experimental research but does not prove a cause-and-effect relationship

A

True

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2
Q

Athletes that are vegans should be most concerned about which nutrient

A

Vitamin B12

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3
Q

True or False

Functional foods include many fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fish such as salmon, and some Greek yogurt

A

True

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4
Q

True or False

According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), quackery, as the term is used today, refers not only to the fake practitioner

A

True

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5
Q

What are the 3 functions of nutrients?

A
  1. promote growth and development,
  2. provide energy
  3. regulate metabolism
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6
Q

What are examples of regulation of metabolism processes important for athletes?

A

Hormones,
blood pressure, temperature, metabolism,
oxygen delivery, acid/base balance, psychological function, etc.

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7
Q

What 3 nutrients play a key role in growth and development for athletes?

A

protein, calcium, phosphorus

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8
Q

What are some examples of growth and development important for athletes?

A

build skeletal muscle, connective tissue, bone, recovery cells/tissues

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9
Q

What is a structured activity?

A

Planned program of physical activities designed to improve fitness

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10
Q

Examples of an Unstructured activity

A

gardening, walking

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11
Q

2 reasons why exercise important?

A
  1. Reduces rate of death from all-cause mortality
  2. Reduces morbidity (disease)
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12
Q

examples for why exercise is important

A

Coronary heart disease
stroke
diabetes melitus
Hypertension
obesity
certain forms of cancer
osteoporosis
Mental health
reverses brain deterioration with aging, helps prevent or delay Alzheimer’s disease improves executive funtioning
increases muscle mas, muscular strength and muscular endurance
improves sleep
increases strength flexibility and balance reduces risk of falling
improves immune funtion

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13
Q

is it possible to exercise too much? Provide reasons why exercising too much is not healthy

A

Yes
Bone stress injury
orthopedic problems
impaired immune functions
exercise induced asthma
exercise addiction
osteoporosis
heat illness and kidney failure
brain damage
heart attack and sudden death
accidents
Female athlete Triad: energy deficient, menstrual disturbance, low bone mass

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14
Q

How might diet influence sports?

A
  1. Regulate body temperature
  2. inc O2 transport and delivery
  3. improve acid-base balacne
  4. provdie energy to energy systems
  5. enhance mental functions
  6. inc bone mineral density and strenght
  7. prevent muscle tissue damage
  8. inc muscle tissue growth
  9. facilitate recovery
  10. inc mechanical efficiency
  11. enhance energy producing pathways
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14
Q

What is more important, diet or exercise?

A

Proper nutrition along with exercise can enhance health status better than each alone
exercise may blunt the effects of poor dietary choices
study: fed athletes 50% cal in saturated fat and had little to no change in lipids profile before and after

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15
Q

Sport Nutrition Definition

A

application of nutritional principles to :
- optimize sports performance
- promote training adaptations
- improve health
- speed recovery

16
Q

Are athletes receiving adequate nutrition

A

some groups of athletes likely meet needs but sometimes exceed recommendations for nutrients to limit

17
Q

What sports typically exceed needs

A

American Football
olympic heavy weightlifters

18
Q

What sports typically have inadequate nutrition intake

A

ballet dancers
basketball
body builders
gymnasts
runners
skiers
swimmers
triathletes
wrestlers
combat sports

19
Q

What group are ost at risk for inadequate nutrition intake

A

females are more likely to be deficient: iron, calcium

20
Q

Athletic group most susceptible to nutritional deficiencies attempting to lose weight

A

MMA
jockeys
rowing

21
Q

when does nutrition adversely affect performance?

A
  • malnutrition
22
Q

Malnutirition definition

A

inadequate intake of certain nutrients may impair performance
and
excessive intake of some nutrients may also impair performance and health

23
Q

inadequate intake looks like

A
  • inadequate intake of energy
  • inability to regulate metabolism optimally
  • decreased synthesis of key tissues or enzymes
24
Q

Poor nutrition reasons in athletes

A
  • lack of nutritional knowledge
  • not receive sound information from coaches, trainers, internet, etc.
  • Misunderstandings of eating healthy on a budget and with limited time available
25
Q

other than preventing malnutrition, how else can nutrition influence performance?

A
  • CHO before and during endurance exercise
  • adequate hydration before and during events, especially in warm or hot conditions
  • creatine loading improves repetitive sprinting
  • caffeine improves performance
  • nitrate reduces O2 need and improves endurance
  • tarte Cherry juice
  • beta alenine
26
Q

differences in sports nutrition

A

gender
age
body weight status
eating and lifestyle patterns
environment
type of training
sport or event
injury

Nutr 512- Nutrition For Athletes (8 decks)

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