exam 3 bacteria 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Gram negative bacteria include:
A
proteobacteria and nonproteobacteria
2
Q
Gram positive bacteria include:
A
firmicutes (low), Tenericutes (low), Actinobacteria (high)
3
Q
Proteobacteria
A
- largest taxonomic group of bacteria
- gram negative
- chemoheterotrophic
- alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon
4
Q
Alphaproteobacteria
A
- usually capable of growing without many nutrients
- some have prosthecae = stalks or buds
- human pathogens: bartonella, brucella, ehlichia, rickettsia, azospirillum, rhizobium
- plant pathogens: agrobacterium, nitrobacter, nitrosomes
5
Q
bartonella
A
- cat scratch disease
- puppule forms, then malaise, then goes away
6
Q
Brucella
A
- brucellosis
- airborne and in unpasterized food
- can survive phagocytosis
- requires antibodies
7
Q
ehrlichia
A
- tickborne
- lives in white blood cells
- obligate intercellular paracite
8
Q
Rickettsia
A
- arthropod born
- spotted fever
- obligate intercellular paracite
- R. rickettsia = rocky mountain spotted fever = rash
- passed in tick eggs
9
Q
Azospirillum
A
- nitrogen fixing
- lives in soil
- takes nutrients from plants through its nodules
10
Q
rhizobium
A
fixes nitrogen in roots of plants
11
Q
agrobacterium
A
- insert plasmid into plant cells
- turns into tumor
- causes crown gall
12
Q
nitrobacter and nitrosomes
A
Nitrosomes oxidize ammonium to nitrite which is oxidized by nitrobacters to nitrate in a process called nitrification
-good for plants
13
Q
Betaproteobacteria
A
-burkholderia, bordatella, neisseria
14
Q
Burkholderia
A
- motile rods
- Burkholderia cepacia degrades more than 100 organic molecules
- contaminates hospital equipment
- causes infection in cystic fibrosis patients
15
Q
Bordatella
A
- nonmotile rods
- B. pertussis = whooping cough
- attaches to cilia in throat and prevents movement, so mucus builds up
- can cause brain damage from lack of oxygen from coughing
