Exam 3- Alterations Of Hormonal Regulation Flashcards
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Characterized by high levels of ADH in the absence of normal Control mechanisms.
Interior pituitary adenoma
Usually causes hypersecretion of hormones from the adenoma it’s self and hyposecretion of hormones from the surrounding pituitary cells.
Gestational diabetes
Increased risk for type two diabetes later in life.
Dawn phenomenon
In type one diabetes. Higher blood glucose in the early morning then in the middle of the night.
Cretinism
Caused by untreated congenital hypothyroidism.
Autoimmune diabetes
Also called type 1A diabetes. Pancreatic beta cells are destroyed by autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Type I DM
A deficit in insulin and amylin, and a relative excess of glucagon.
Patients have severe insolent efficiency, and they have excessive that break down and make Kito asses faster than the body can remove them.
Symptoms: polydipsia, nocturia, polyuria, increased appetite, weight loss, hyperglycemia, glycosuria.
Microvascular disease
Refers to destruction of capillaries in diabetes.
Macrovascular disease
Accelerated atherosclerosis and diabetes.
Cushing disease
Characterized by facial flash, moon face, purple straight guy, pendulous abdomen, easy bruising, supraclavicular fat pad, hyperpigmentation, trunk obesity, then extremities.
Caused by hypersecretion of ACTH. Causes a lipolysis and altered fat distribution.
ACTH excess causes hyperpigmentation because excessive MSH is formed as an alternate cleavage product of the same hormone precursor. MSH stimulates production of melatonin, a skin pigment.
Primary endocrine disorder
Is it a target organ problem?
Caused by a problem in the gland that secretes the hormone who’s action is directed toward other tissues rather than to another gland.
Secondary endocrine disorder
Is it a control organ problem? (Pituitary or hypothalamus secreting too much or too little stimulating hormone?)
Caused by a problem with the gland that secretes the hormone who’s target tissues are another gland that it stimulates or suppresses.
Thyrotoxicosis
Effects of having too much thyroid hormone, I seen and hyperthyroidism.
Thyrotoxic crisis
Effects of dangerously high levels of thyroid hormone, with increased fever, extreme tachycardia, and potential death from heart failure or cardiac dysrhythmias.
Neurogenic diabetes insipidus
Caused by a problem in the hypothalamus of posterior pituitary that decreases ADH release.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Caused by a problem in the kidney itself that causes insensitivity to ADH.
Acromegaly
Occurs with hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults.
Symptoms: enlarged jaw, forhead, tongue, hands, and feet.