Exam 3- Alterations In Erythrocyte Function Flashcards
Reticulocytosis
Increased blood level of immature erythrocytes.
Polycythemia
Increased number or volume of circulating erythrocytes.
Blood can be too thick, causing blood clots.
Relative polycythemia as a result of dehydration after excessive diarrhea. Absolute polycythemia occurs in people who have hypercapnia in COPD.
Anemia
Decreased number or volume of circulating erythrocytes.
Plasma volume increases to compensate, and the blood viscosity decreases, which causes blood flow to be turbulent.
Eryptosis
Premature death of damage and erythrocytes.
Poikilocytosis
Having erythrocytes of different shape.
Anisocytosis
Having erythrocytes of different sizes
Pancytopenia
Decreased number of circulating erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
Microcytic
Erythrocytes small in size.
Results from defective DNA synthesis in bone marrow precursors.
Macrocytic
Erythrocytes large in size.
Folate deficiency anemia
Lack of folate for erythropoiesis. Premature cell death.
Associated with chronic malnourishment and chronic alcohol abuse. Dietary folate deficiency.
Microcytic-normochromic
Disease of impaired erythrocyte production.
Megoblastic anemis
Indicates that the erythrocytes are macrocytic
Iron deficiency anemia
Disease of impaired erythrocyte production.
Highest occurrence in women during the reproductive years and decreases after menopause. GI bleeds.
Symptoms: pallor, glossitis (tongue loses papillae and looks fissures) and koilonychia (concave, brittle fingernails).
Lactoferrin
Released by neutrophils. Binds iron during bacterial infection, that’s contributing to anemia of chronic disease.
Anemia of chronic kidney disease
A major contributor is deficiency of erythropoietin.
Alloimmune hemolytic anemia
Can occur intravascular Lee, such as the hemolysis that occurs from a mismatch blood transfusion.