Exam 3, Adolescence

Question 1

the onset of menstruation

Answer 1

menarche

Question 2

starting with a general theory and deducing explanations for a specific situation

Answer 2

Formal reasoning

Question 3

when adolescents have difficulty distinguishing their thinking their own thoughts from their thinking about the thoughts of others

Answer 3

Adolescent egocentrism

Question 4

fictitious observers who teens believe are watching their behavior

Answer 4

Imaginary audience

Question 5

adolescent’s belief in the uniqueness of their personal experiences and their personal destiny

Answer 5

Personal fables

Question 6

taking time off from upcoming responsibilities of adulthood to explore various possibilities

Answer 6

psychological moratorium

Question 7

provide an opportunity to compare opinions, abilities, and physical changes with

Answer 7

Peers/Reference groups

Question 8

how we consider premarital sex to be socially acceptable with someone you’re in a relationship with

Answer 8

permissiveness with affection

Question 9

self-concept where you view your traits as abstract rather than as concrete characteristics

Answer 9

Psychological perspective

Question 10

when adolescents begin to narrow who they are by making choices about their personal, occupational, sexual, and political commitments

Answer 10

Identity v identity confusion

Question 11

gender-related aspects of the psychological self

Answer 11

Sex-role identity

Question 12

a woman who has high male and female characteristics; successful women have this

Answer 12

Androgyny

Question 13

a set of beliefs about the cause of events

Answer 13

Locus of control

Question 14

What are the 2 classes of sex hormones?

Answer 14

Estrogen and androgen

Question 15

hormones responsible for sex characteristics that have high levels in females from puberty onward

Answer 15

Estrogen

Question 16

hormones responsible for sex characteristics that have high levels in males from puberty onward

Answer 16

Androgen

Question 17

The most important estrogen

Answer 17

Estradiol

Question 18

The most important androgen

Answer 18

Testosterone

Question 19

beginning of the development of sperm

Answer 19

Spermarche

Question 20

What are the 4 reasons young people use substances?

Answer 20

Experimental, social, medicinal, and addictive

Question 21

applying the scientific method to cognitive tasks, arriving at answers to problems that can be defended and explained

Answer 21

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning; part of Piaget’s Formal Operations stage

Question 22

ability to focus on more than one task at a time

Answer 22

divided memory

Question 23

your self-conception

Answer 23

the actual self

Question 24

the person the adolescent would like to become upon further choices and experiences

Answer 24

the ideal self

Question 25

the person the adolescent imagines they can become but dreads becoming

Answer 25

the feared self

Question 26

when the self you present to others does not represent what you are actually thinking and feeling

Answer 26

the false self

Question 27

theory that differences between males and females become more pronounced in the transition from childhood to adolescence because of intense social pressure to conform to cultural gender expectations

Answer 27

Gender-intensification hypothesis

Question 28

an alternate basis to morality composed of a set of cultural beliefs on what it means to be human and how human problems should be addressed

Answer 28

Worldview

Question 29

combination of neurological deficits and high-risk environment that creates a pattern of lifelong problems

Answer 29

Life-course persistent delinquents

Question 30

a period of occasional criminal activity during adolescence

Answer 30

Adolescence-limited delinquents

Question 31

characteristics like intelligence or attractiveness that help adolescents overcome the high-risk circumstances in their lives

Answer 31

Protective factors

Question 32

peers who are liked by some and disliked by others

Answer 32

Controversial friends

Question 33

peers who are uniformly disliked

Answer 33

Rejected friends

Question 34

peers who are neither liked nor disliked

Answer 34

Neglected friends