Exam 3, Adolescence Flashcards
the onset of menstruation
menarche
starting with a general theory and deducing explanations for a specific situation
Formal reasoning
when adolescents have difficulty distinguishing their thinking their own thoughts from their thinking about the thoughts of others
Adolescent egocentrism
fictitious observers who teens believe are watching their behavior
Imaginary audience
adolescent’s belief in the uniqueness of their personal experiences and their personal destiny
Personal fables
taking time off from upcoming responsibilities of adulthood to explore various possibilities
psychological moratorium
provide an opportunity to compare opinions, abilities, and physical changes with
Peers/Reference groups
how we consider premarital sex to be socially acceptable with someone you’re in a relationship with
permissiveness with affection
self-concept where you view your traits as abstract rather than as concrete characteristics
Psychological perspective
when adolescents begin to narrow who they are by making choices about their personal, occupational, sexual, and political commitments
Identity v identity confusion
gender-related aspects of the psychological self
Sex-role identity
a woman who has high male and female characteristics; successful women have this
Androgyny
a set of beliefs about the cause of events
Locus of control
What are the 2 classes of sex hormones?
Estrogen and androgen
hormones responsible for sex characteristics that have high levels in females from puberty onward
Estrogen
hormones responsible for sex characteristics that have high levels in males from puberty onward
Androgen
The most important estrogen
Estradiol
The most important androgen
Testosterone
beginning of the development of sperm
Spermarche
What are the 4 reasons young people use substances?
Experimental, social, medicinal, and addictive
applying the scientific method to cognitive tasks, arriving at answers to problems that can be defended and explained
Hypothetical-deductive reasoning; part of Piaget’s Formal Operations stage
ability to focus on more than one task at a time
divided memory
your self-conception
the actual self
the person the adolescent would like to become upon further choices and experiences
the ideal self
the person the adolescent imagines they can become but dreads becoming
the feared self
when the self you present to others does not represent what you are actually thinking and feeling
the false self
theory that differences between males and females become more pronounced in the transition from childhood to adolescence because of intense social pressure to conform to cultural gender expectations
Gender-intensification hypothesis
an alternate basis to morality composed of a set of cultural beliefs on what it means to be human and how human problems should be addressed
Worldview
combination of neurological deficits and high-risk environment that creates a pattern of lifelong problems
Life-course persistent delinquents
a period of occasional criminal activity during adolescence
Adolescence-limited delinquents
characteristics like intelligence or attractiveness that help adolescents overcome the high-risk circumstances in their lives
Protective factors
peers who are liked by some and disliked by others
Controversial friends
peers who are uniformly disliked
Rejected friends
peers who are neither liked nor disliked
Neglected friends
