Exam 1, Monday Flashcards
What stays the same over time?
Personality and temperament
What are the 2 developmental change processes?
Learning and maturation
What are the 3 PATTERNS development examines?
Patterns of growth, change, and stability
Broad domains in which change occurs
Physical, cognitive, social
development that occurs in a series of breakthroughs
discontinuity
Multidirectional development?
joint expression of growth and decline at every period
Quantitative development
continuous change that happens at varying degrees
Qualitative development
fundamental change in an ability
Social learning theory (4)
Bandura; modeling, imitation, and observational learning
the settings and circumstances that contribute to variations in human development
Contexts
when participants or groups are studied at the same time, then followed for up to 6 years
Cross-sequential
theory that is usually represented by a flow chart; that human cognition is a symbol-manipulating system
Information processing theory
optimal best fit between one’s abilities and the demands of the environment
Competence-Environmental Press Theory
What are 4 key features of the lifespan perspective?
Multidirectionality, plasticity, multiple causation, and historical context
a type of longitudinal study that pulls a specific time period out to observe a specific change
Microgenetic study
a darkening of the face when pregnant
Cholasma
test for fetal abnormality that goes through the amniotic sac
Amniocentesis
test for fetal abnormality that goes through vagina
CVS (chorionic villus sampling)
the first stage of labor; longest but least intense
Latent phase
second phase of labor where cervix is dilated from 4-7 centimeters; slightly more intense
Active phase
third phase; urge to push, very intense
Transition
pushing stage; ends in delivery
Crowning
what is used to test a baby’s well being just after birth?
Apgar test
disruption of baby’s oxygen
Anoxia
disruption of baby’s blood flow
Hypoxia
the percent of infants who die before their first birthday
Infant mortality
when substances alter development during embryonic development, such as drugs, diseases, alcohol, caffeine, or pollution
Teratogen
what is a sex cell called and how many chromosomes does it have?
Gamete, 23
How does DNA duplicate?
Mitosis
2 sperms fertilize 2 eggs; increase chance with older mother, IVF
Dizygotic
1 fertilized egg splits, creating identical twins; increased chance due to temperature and oxygen levels
Monozygotic
What are alleles?
Different forms of the same gene
When you inherit the same gene from each parent
Homozygous
When you inherit a different gene from each parent; dominant allele is applied
Heterozygous
What is a phenotype?
an observable, physical trait
What is a genotype?
underlying combination of genetics, but invisible
membrane that surrounds the amnion
Chorion
What is the ectoderm?
The outermost layer, teeth, brain, and spinal cord
What is the mesoderm?
connective tissue, bones, and circulatory system
What is the endoderm?
innermost structures like lungs
covers the skin to prevent from getting chapped from amniotic sac
Vernix
white hair that helps vernix stick
Lanugo
When is the age of viability?
22-26 weeks
What are 2 resolutions for infertility?
Artificial insemination and IVF
How long until a woman is considered infertile?
After trying for 12-18 months
