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Psychology-1000 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

True or false: stress reactions are not purely emotional

A

True. There are also physiological and behavioural aspects

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2
Q

True or false: your stress reaction will impact how you behave

A

True. If you think someone is being malicious you will react very differently than if you think they just made a mistake

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3
Q

What is abnormality?

A

Something that causes distress or disability, maladaptivity, irrationality, or unpredictability

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4
Q

____ are a subset of anxiety

A

phobias

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5
Q

” individuals behaviours hinder the attainment of goals of both their own, as well as interfere with the needs of society” this is called ____

A

maladaptiveness

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6
Q

“individual speaks or behaves in ways that do not make sense to other people, whether they are bothered by it or not” this is called____

A

irrationality

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7
Q

distress or disability is when ____

A

individual experiences debilitating functioning which causes the risk of psychological or physical deterioration

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8
Q

what is unpredictability?

A

behaves in ways that do not make sense for the environment, as though there is a loss of control in behaviour

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9
Q

what is unconventiality and statistical rarity?

A

violates norms in a manner that is rare

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10
Q

“behaves in ways that make other people feel uncomfortable” is called:

A

observer discomfort

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11
Q

what is an example of “Violation of Moral and Ideal Standards”

A

homosexuality

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12
Q

True or false: you may feel distress or disability due to other people feeling uncomfortable with things that are not a disorder

A

True

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13
Q

Historically, psychological disorders focused a lot on ______ causes

A

supernatural

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14
Q

what is Trepidation

A

drilling holes in people’s heads

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15
Q

what is the purpose of trepidation

A
  • Drains fluid and releases pressure
    • Lowering the pressure on that part of the brain allows blood flow to return, reducing hypoxia
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16
Q

Ancient Greek physicians shifted focus towards ______ causes

A

somatogenic

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17
Q

why were asylums created?

A

to keep people out of the public eye

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18
Q

what is taxonomy or Classification

A

grouping things together. similar symptoms, etc.

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19
Q

what is the medical model

A

idea that there are physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured

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20
Q

what are mood disorders

A

emotional extremes

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21
Q

what is major depressive disorder?

A

for no apparent reason individual experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods, negative thoughts, and diminished pleasure and/or motivation

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22
Q

true or false: things can manifest differently in kids vs adults

A

true

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23
Q

true or false: the weight criteria in depression is due to motivation

A

true. either eats less because it’s not rewarding or eats more because it’s less rewarding

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24
Q

what is different about the weight criteria in depression for children?

A

since they are expected to gain weight due to growing, if they do not or only gain a little it is considered a loss

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25
Q

true or false: movement criteria involves how restless you feel

A

false

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26
Q

why does problem solving become harder when depressed?

A

decreased brain activity

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27
Q

true or false: depression shrinks the hippocampus

A

true, when untreated

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28
Q

what is bipolar disorder

A

Alternates between states of depression and mania

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29
Q

what is bipolar 1?

A

manic episodes with periods of depression

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30
Q

what is bipolar 2?

A

manic ‘lite’ with periods of depression

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31
Q

what is cyclothymic?

A

alternates between depression and mania rapidly

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32
Q

what have linkage studies revealed about mood disorders?

A

cluster of relevant genes, rather than one perfect cause

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33
Q

true or false: classification schemes may be wrong

A

true. while diagnostically things may be lumped together, it is possible that genetically this is not the case and that the lack of a perfect genetic cause is because of this

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34
Q

during a depressed state, ___ and ____ are low

A

norepinephrine and serotonin

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35
Q

norepinephrine is ____ during a manic state

(low or high)

A

high

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36
Q

what is hippocampal atrophy?

A

Neurodegeneration/loss of volume in the hippocampus in depression

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37
Q

what is the main treatment for bipolar disorder?

A

lithium

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38
Q

Rank in order of heritability:

a) generalised anxiety disorder
b) Anorexia
c) schizophrenia
d) Major depressive disorder
e) Bipolar disorder

A
  1. Bipolar disorder
  2. schizophrenia
  3. Anorexia
  4. Major depressive disorder
  5. generalised anxiety disorder
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39
Q

true or false: depression decreases activity in the brain

A

true

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40
Q

what part of the brain experiences and increase in activity during depression?

A

the amygdala

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41
Q

true or false: stressful events often proceed depression

A

true

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42
Q

what is stress?

A

any challenge to steady state of functioning. Something that forces you to change and adapt, whether good or bad

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43
Q

what is distress?

A

negative things

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44
Q

what is eustress?

A

positive things

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45
Q

true or false: activity in stress systems can trigger depression -the changes in the brain

A

true, if there is an excess in activity

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46
Q

the HPA axis is ____

A

the fight or flight system

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47
Q

the ____ releases CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) during the HPA axis

A

hypothalamus

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48
Q

in the HPA axis, the _____ releases ACTH (adrenal corticotropin releasing hormone) which then finds its way to the ______

A

pituitary gland
adrenal cortex

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49
Q

what does the adrenal cortex release?

A

cortisol

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50
Q

what is cortisol?

A

primary stress hormone

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51
Q

true or false: we are worse at dealing with stressors that are the same instead of different

A

false

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52
Q

what causes learned helplessness?

A

Trying a bunch of things and none of them working teaches you that your behaviour is hopeless and will not change anything

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53
Q

what is the negative explanatory style?

A

pessimistic to the point of being irrational

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54
Q

“I’ll never get over this” is an example of ____

(stable global or internal)

A

stable

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55
Q

“I can’t seem to do anything without them” is an example of ____

(stable global or internal)

A

global

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56
Q

“It was my fault” is an example of ____

stable global or internal

A

internal

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57
Q

the opposite explanatory style to stable is:

A

temporary

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58
Q

the opposite explanatory style to global is:

A

specific

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59
Q

the opposite explanatory style to internal is:

A

external

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60
Q

true or false: irrational Beliefs make you prone to depressive thoughts

A

true

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61
Q

genetic factors, temperatures, predispositions, gender are examples of ____ risk factors

A

biogenetic Risk factors

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62
Q

traumas, coping, gender, intergenerational are examples of ___ risk factors

A

psychological Risk factors

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63
Q

instability and insecurity in Western society, environment, gender, texting are examples of ____ risk factors

A

social and cultural risk factors

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64
Q

somatic diseases, substance misuse, gender are examples of ___ risk factors

A

somatic Risk factors

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65
Q

5-HT, NE, and DA are all:

A

monoamines

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66
Q

what do MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) do?

A

inhibits breakdown

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67
Q

what do tricyclic antidepressants do?

A

boosts serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine

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68
Q

true or false: MAOIs were developed on purpose

A

false

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69
Q

true or false: SSRIs were developed on accident

A

false

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70
Q

what do SSRIs do?

A

blocks reuptake of serotonin specifically so that there is more in the synapse

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71
Q

NARIs, SNRIs, and NDRIs are what generation of antidepressants?

A

third

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72
Q

true or false: psychedelic drugs can be used to treat depression

A

true, they appear to be effective for treatment resistant depression

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73
Q

how long does it take antidepressants to begin working?

A

biologically it is immediate, in terms of feeling it is 1-6 weeks (usually 6)

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74
Q

____ is caused by a lack of activity in 5-HT projection in the Raphe nuclei to the medial forebrain bundle and the forebrain

A

depression

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75
Q

what is Neurotropic Factor?

A

more brain -> reversed the atrophy depression caused

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76
Q

true or false: antidepressants help manic episodes

A

false. they make them worse

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77
Q

true or false: antipsychotics worsen depression

A

true

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78
Q

what is the Psychotherapeutic Approach

A

interpersonal and social rhythm theory

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79
Q

what is interpersonal and social rhythm theory

A

focused on developing work life balance and good sleep habits

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80
Q

anxiety disorders are characterised by: (2)

A
  • distressing and persistent anxiety
  • maladaptive behaviours to reduce anxiety
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81
Q

anxiety where you are unable to identify the cause, or identify too many causes is called:

A

generalised anxiety disorder

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82
Q

what is the age of onset for social anxiety?

A

13

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83
Q

what is a panic attack?

A

Minutes long episode of intense dread that can feel like a heart attack

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84
Q

why is it easier to identify phobias than anxiety?

A

it is more obvious. How do you know you worry more or less than others?

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85
Q

true or false: anxiety is in part due to the brains desire to make sense of things

A

true. your Brain wants reasons, so if you are anxious without reason it will look for some

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86
Q

what is panic Disorder?

A

recurrent panic Attacks and persistent concerns about having attacks and the consequences

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87
Q

what is agoraphobia?

A

a fear that something bad will happen if they are in public and that there is danger, even if there is not

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88
Q

true or false: most phobias are normal fears

A

true, they often are fears that make evolutionary sense are are common fears

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89
Q

true or false: a fear can become a phobia

A

true

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90
Q

how does a fear become a phobia?

A

exaggerated dear processing in the amygdala

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91
Q

there is a large learning component to which anxiety disorder?

A

social anxiety

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92
Q

_____ patients show a greater eye to mouth fixation difference

A

social anxiety

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93
Q

why do those with social anxiety focus so much more on eyes than the mouth?

A

gaging the threat level

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94
Q

_____ is the biggest behaviour in PTSD

A

social withdrawl

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95
Q

why do those with PTSD withdraw socially?

A

fear of embarrassment and displaying it, fear of being triggered

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96
Q

deterioration of brain areas for emotional regulation which leads to being triggered more easily and/or having stronger reactions when you are triggered. this is a large part of:

A

youth ptsd

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97
Q

there is a loss of neurons for those who experience symptoms less frequently in

A

youth ptsd

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98
Q

true or false: the hippocampus doesn’t degrade with age

A

true

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99
Q

true or false: the hippocampus shrinks in youth ptsd

A

true

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100
Q

what happens if you stop someone with OCD from doing their compulsions

A

you will cause them severe distress

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101
Q

predisposition to fear of certain objects and situations for survival is called

A

natural selection

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102
Q

in ___ there is over-arousal of areas in the frontal lobe in directing attention and impulse control

A

anxiety

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103
Q

true or false: there is an attentional and cognitive element to anxiety

A

true

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104
Q

what is interference?

A

something that interrupts yours ability to do the task

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105
Q

what does a traditional stroop Task reveal about reading?

A

it is an automatic process

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106
Q

what is an emotional stroop Task?

A

ink colours of threatening and non-threatening words (assault vs table)

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107
Q

what is the difference between those with and without anxiety when doing an emotional stroop Task?

A

Those with higher anxiety take longer to read the colour of a threatening word. Those with low anxiety are able to ignore the content and cause less of a pause

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108
Q

what is the dominant form of therapy?

A

CBT

109
Q

what’s does CBT aim to do?

A

challenges the beliefs of the patient and gives them behavioural homework/strategies

110
Q

benzodiazepines, which are GABA receptor agonists therefore they _____

A

reduce activity in the amygdala (there is too much activity during anxiety)

111
Q

Recent anxiety treatments focus on ____

A

enhancing the learning process

112
Q

how do recent anxiety treatments enhance the learning process?

A

by increasing activity at the NMDA receptor (a receptor for glutamate)

113
Q

why is the NMDA receptor different?

A

it allows for calcium ions to enter the cell, causing long term changes inside of the cell

114
Q

what does increasing learning do for anxiety?

A

The extra information taken in will then challenge the fear they feel

115
Q

what is schizophrenia?

A

a break from reality

116
Q

their experience is different from others in such away that they have lost touch with reality

A

schizophrenia

117
Q

The former subtypes of schizophrenia were:

A

paranoid, disorganised, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual

118
Q

schizophrenia is characterised by: (3)

A

disorganised and delusional thinking , disturbed perceptions, inappropriate emotions and actions

119
Q

don’t make sense or are so unlikely they are practically impossible if not just straight up impossible

A

delusional thinking

120
Q

what are disturbed perceptions?

A

things that are not real

121
Q

true or false: actions may be appropriate in a schizophrenic persons reality

A

true

122
Q

the positive symptoms of schizophrenia are: (2)

A

hallucinations and delusions

123
Q

the negative symptoms of schizophrenia are: (3)

A

attention deficits, flat affect, other memory and executive function deficits

124
Q

true or false: delusions are unpopular

A

false. delusions are not grounded in reality

125
Q

true or false: drugs that can mimic schizophrenia mimic all symptoms

A

false, only positive symptoms

126
Q

what were antipsychotics originally called?

A

neuroleptics

127
Q

how were antipsychotics invented

A

they were meant to be sedatives

127
Q

potency was determined based on how much it bound to D2 receptors for what medication?

A

antipsychotics

128
Q

what is the Mesolimbic system?

A

the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) projects to the Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) and the cortex, stimulation incentive learning

129
Q

when is the Mesolimbic system activated?

A

when encountering stimuli that has incentive value such as cake or sex

130
Q

how does the Mesolimbic system effect schizophrenia?

A

In schizophrenia, this system is constantly being activated and so the brain is trying to figure out reasons for why this is happening

131
Q

what is the Nigrostriatal System responsible for?

A

This pathway is responsible for initiation and termination of volitional movements

132
Q

in what disorder are there are enlarged ventricles, leading to a shrunken cortex and loss of grey matter

A

schizophrenia

133
Q

The majority of antipsychotics such as Clozapine are _____

A

atypicals

134
Q

what medication has a higher affinity for serotonin receptors (stimulating in the frontal cortex) than dopamine receptors and target the D4 receptors as they are more present in the Mesolimbic system than the Nigrostriatal system

A

atypical antipsychotics

135
Q

true or false: increased serotonin improves cognitive function

A

true

136
Q

what is executive function?

A

how flexible they are and how they use information

137
Q

what is perceveration?

A

lack of flexibility/adaptability

138
Q

true or false: increasing serontin release in the cortex can decrease dopamine in the ventral tegmental area

A

true

139
Q

Excessive dopmine = the ____ aspects of schizophrenia, issue in cortex = the ____ aspects

(pos vs neg)

A

positive, negative

140
Q

true or false: older individuals with schizophrenia show less catatonia and more negative symptoms

A

false. more and more

141
Q

what is the diathesis stress model?

A

genetic predisposition and pre-natal or early neonatal factors such as hypoxia

142
Q

the assumption that problems are caused by psychological tension between the unconscious and life constraints is called

A

psychoanalysis

143
Q

The goal in ____ is to establish intrapsychic harmony, release repression, and gain insight intro problems

A

psychoanalysis

144
Q

psychoanalysis therapy is called ___

A

insight therapy

145
Q

what is free association

A

ambiguous associations; the one thought of first gives insight

146
Q

what are transferences?

A

as emotions well up during therapy, they may be transfered onto the therapist
- Hating a parent becomes hating your therapist

147
Q

what are the four steps to psychoanalysis?

A
  1. confrontation: accept that there is a problem
  2. clarification: understand why there is resistence
  3. interpretation: relate behaviours and thoughts to Psychodynamic constructs - translate the latent into manifest
  4. Working through: integrating new found information
148
Q

When we suffer psychologically it is not because of the past, rather because of frustration towards the future. this is part of ____

A

humanism

149
Q

true or false: humanism and existentialism are connected

A

true. Trying to find meaning in life and that comes from yourself

150
Q

true or false: a humanist therapist will look at stuff such as trouble getting out of bed as a symptom of an existential crises

A

true

151
Q

what is the goal of person-centred therapy?

A

help the client find purpose

152
Q

what is unconditional positive regard?

A

no conditions. the therapist views the client as valuable no matter what

153
Q

what is cognition

A

what you’re thinking about

154
Q

what was the early form of CBT?

A

rational Emotive therapy

155
Q

what is catastrophising?

A

taking a true statement and making it extreme

156
Q

what is mindfulness?

A

being actively in the present instead of dwelling on the past

157
Q

what is memory?

A

the persistence of learning over time

158
Q

true or false: there is no such thing as storage failure

A

true

159
Q

true or false: memory is always concious

A

false

160
Q

what is implicit memory

A

information available without conscious effort

161
Q

what is explicit memory?

A

conscious effort to recover information

162
Q

what is procedural memory?

A

memory about how to do something

163
Q

what is Declarative memory?

A

recollection of facts and events

164
Q

Declarative memory can be broken down into two categories. these are:

A

semantic memory and episodic memory

165
Q

what is semantic memory?

A

facts that the learning of them are not tied to a specific time or place → divorced from context

166
Q

what is episodic memory?

A

when memories are tied to a time and a space. a specific point in your life

167
Q

what is an Engram?

A

a memory trace represented somewhere in the brain

168
Q

what are the three parts to the basic memory model?

A

sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory

169
Q

true or false: you can use priming to find lost memories

A

true

170
Q

what is sensory memory?

A

the immediate recording of sensory information

171
Q

what is the working memory?

A

the activated memory

172
Q

what is long term memory?

A

relatively permanent and limitless storage

173
Q

how is short term memory lost?

A

time or displacement

174
Q

what is goal directed attention?

A

plan in advance and looking for something in the environment that matches that goal state

175
Q

______ puts sensory information into short term memory

A

attenion

176
Q

Long term is forgotten due to ____ or ____, not decay

A

interference, retrieval failure

177
Q

what is maintenance rehearsal

A

repeating something to yourself over and over again

178
Q

how long does visual sensory memory last?

A

half a second

179
Q

how long does auditory sensory memory last?

A

1-2 seconds

180
Q

what is the other name for visual sensory memory

A

iconic memory

181
Q

what is the other name for auditory sensory memory

A

echoic memory

182
Q

what type of memory is primarily for processing purposes?

A

sensory

183
Q

what is the duration of short term memory

A

15-30 seconds

184
Q

what is the capacity of short term memory

A

7 +/- 2 chunks

185
Q

what is chunking

A

reconfiguring information into groups based on what you already know is similar

186
Q

what type of memory is involved in tasks like reasoning and language comprehension
and integrates sensory memory with info you already know

A

working memory

187
Q

what are the four components to working memory

A
  • phonological loop
  • visuospatial sketchpad
  • episodic buffer
  • central exectuive
188
Q

what is the phonological loop

A

sounds repeating

189
Q

what is the visuospatial sketchpad

A

stored visual info

190
Q

what is the episodic buffer

A

events in you life funneled into central executive

191
Q

what does the central executive do

A

makes decisions. extracts the important stuff around you to put into systems and then extract it to do what you need to do

192
Q

encoding for long term memory requires: (3)

A

distinctiveness, emotional significance, attention

193
Q

what is the capacity of long term memory?

A

it is unknown, presumably limitless

194
Q

true or false: processing for meaning is more effective to get things into long term memory

A

true

195
Q

what is recall

A

reproduction of information previously exposed to

196
Q

what is an example of recall

A

written answer tests

197
Q

what is recognition

A

realisation that a certain stimulus is one that you have seen or heard before

198
Q

what is an example of recognition

A

multiple choice tests

199
Q

what is free recall

A

as many as you can rememberwh

200
Q

what is ordered recall

A

in the order given

201
Q

like taking a picture. all details are captured. this is called

A

flashbulb memory

202
Q

what are retrieval cues?

A

stimuli (either internal or external) that cause the retrieval of a specific memory

203
Q

what is encoding Specificity?

A

the idea that memories emerge most efficiently when the environment that you are retrieving in is the same as the environment you learned/encoded it

204
Q

what is cue overload

A

cue associated with too many memories will impact retrieval

205
Q

____ memory is procedural memory and priming, things you can’t talk about how to do

(implicit or explicit)

A

implicit

206
Q

___ memory is semantic and episodic memory

(implicit or explicit)

A

explicit

207
Q

some words get rehearsed more so people do better recalling the first words. this is called

A

the primacy effect

208
Q

if listing words quickly, people do well on the first couple and then the last few, despite not having rehearsed the later ones. this is called

A

the recency effect

209
Q

attention to structural properties is what level of encoding

A

first level. shallow

210
Q

attention to the sound qualities of words is what level of encoding

A

intermediate level, phonological

211
Q

paying attention to the meaning of words and thinking about them conceptually is what level of encoding

A

deepest. semantic encoding

212
Q
  • there are multiple kinds of deep processing, they are: (3)
A
  • imagery: making mental images → better at remembering images
    • Mnemonics: memory aid to help you remember things
    • organisational hierarchies
213
Q

true or false: you forget the most right after learning

A

true

214
Q

what is transience

A

information is temporary and fades over time

215
Q

disruption of encoding due to insufficient resources (such as attention) applied to the task. this is called

A

absent minded ness

216
Q

what is blocking

A

a retrieval failure where memory is encoded but it is hard to get out

217
Q

what is misatrribution

A

the event is remembered as being related to the wrong source

218
Q

how do false memories happen?

A

memory is reconstructed as you remember, it is not a recording

219
Q

true or false: the retrieval cue that triggers the remembering does not effect how you remember

A

false

220
Q

what is memory Re-consolidation?

A

the idea that you can modify someone’s memory by manipulating the remembering via things like extinction

221
Q

what is proactive Interference?

A

information from the past makes it difficult to acquire new information

222
Q

what is retroactive Interference?

A

new information makes it hard to recall old information

223
Q

what is leveling

A

simplifying the sotry, filling in gaps

224
Q

what is sharpening?

A

highlighting and overemphasizing certain details

225
Q

what does memory Construction do?

A

filters information and fills in information

226
Q

what is the misinformation effect

A

misleading information is incorporated into the memory of the event

227
Q

what is the DRM effect

A
  • given a list of words and then asked if a word was in the list
    • list words all related to sleep, but sleep was not said → people will “remember” the word
228
Q

what is anterograde amnesia?

A

inability to form memories for events after brain damage

229
Q

what is retrograde amnesia?

A

inability to remember events that occurred prior to brain damage

230
Q

Visual memory is stored in the _____ lobe

A

occipital

231
Q

echoic memory is stored in the ____ lobe

A

temporal

232
Q

touch is stored in the ____ lobes

A

parietal

233
Q

_____ memories are in “older” regions like the striatum

A

Procedural

234
Q

hippocrates classified mental illness into one of four categories:

A

epilepsy, mania, melancholia, and brain fever

235
Q

what is the cathertic method?

A

a patient gains insight and emotional relief from recalling and reliving
traumatic events

236
Q

what is mesmerism

A

an early version of hypnotism

237
Q

what is traitement morale

A

improved nutrition, living conditions, and rewards for productive
behavior

238
Q

It is estimated that 25%–50% of people diagnosed with_____ will attempt suicide at least once in their lifetimes

A

bipolar disorder

239
Q

what is the difference between major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder

A

PDD is for a period of 2 years

240
Q

is electroconvulsive therapy effective?

A

it does help by increasing brain activity but there are poor effects

241
Q

Interpersonal Therapy for Depression focuses on:

A

improving interpersonal relationships by targeting problem areas, specifically unresolved grief, interpersonal role disputes, role transitions, and interpersonal deficits

242
Q

what is adhedonia

A

Loss of interest or pleasure in activities one previously found enjoyable or rewarding

243
Q

what are biological vulnerabilities

A

specific genetic and neurobiological factors that might predispose someone to develop anxiety disorders

244
Q

what is different about blood phobias and other phobias

A

most phobias increase heartrate, but those with blood phobias experience a drop in heart rate and may faint

245
Q

which phobia is more likely to run in families

A

blood

246
Q

in order to qualify for an OCD diagnosis, how long per day do you need to spend engaging in obsessions/compulsions

A

at least an hour a day

247
Q

what is interceptor avoidance

A

Avoidance of situations or activities that produce sensations of physical arousal similar to
those occurring during a panic attack or intense fear response

248
Q

what is thought-action infusion

A

The tendency to overestimate the relationship between a thought and an action, such that
one mistakenly believes a “bad” thought is the equivalent of a “bad” action.

249
Q

true or false: those with schizophrenia have a slower “processing speed”

A

true

250
Q

true or false: children born to older fathers have increased risk of schizophrenia

A

true

251
Q

what is metabolic syndrome

A

weight gain and increased risk for cardiovascular illness,
Type-2 diabetes, and mortality

252
Q

what type of drug is associated with metabolic syndrome

A

atypical antipsychotics

253
Q

what was the original name for person centred therapy

A

non-directive therapy

254
Q

what is acceptence and commitment therapy

A

A therapeutic approach designed to foster nonjudgmental observation of one’s own mental
processes

255
Q

Using exercises (e.g., computer games) to change problematic thinking habits

A

cognitive bias modification

256
Q

what is DBT

A

A treatment often used for borderline personality disorder that incorporates both cognitive-
behavioral and mindfulness elements

257
Q

A perspective in DBT that emphasizes the joint importance of change and acceptance

A

dialectal worldview

258
Q

what is Integrative or eclectic psychotherapy

A

combining multiple
orientations (e.g., CBT with psychoanalytic elements

259
Q

what is collective memory

A

the kind of memory that people in a group
share

260
Q
A
261
Q

trie or false: flashbulb memories are accurate

A

false. not entirely

262
Q

what is recoding

A

taking
the information from the form it is
delivered to us and then converting it in
a way that we can make sense of it

263
Q

what is consolidation

A

The process occurring after encoding that is believed to stabilize memory traces

264
Q

A term indicating the change in the nervous system representing an event

A

memory traces

265
Q

who is most susceptible to misinformation

A

children and older adults

266
Q

true or false: memories must be moved from the hippocampus in order to last

A

true

267
Q

what is functional amnesia

A

a loss of memory that cannot be attributed to brain injury or any obvious brain disease
and is typically classified as a mental disorder rather than a neurological disorder

268
Q

what is Temporally graded retrograde amnesia

A

Inability to retrieve memories from just prior to the onset of amnesia with intact memory for
more remote events

Psychology-1000 (7 decks)

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