Exam #3 Flashcards
The thyroid gland is responsible for the secretion of which hormone?
Calcitonin
Which structure delivers the blood that contains regulatory hormones to the anterior pituitary gland?
Portal Vessels
What is released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland in response to a rise in the concentration of electrolytes in the blood, or in response to a fall in blood volume or blood pressure?
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland produces which hormones?
Mineralcorticoids (Aldosterone)
What is the hormone that targets the thyroid gland and triggers the release of thyroid hormone is?
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
What is released when blood glucose levels decrease?
Glucagon
What is the mineral required for normal thyroid function?
Iodine
What does the structure corpus luteum secrete?
Progesterone
What type of tissue is blood?
Connective Tissue
How much does plasma contribute to the whole blood volume?
55%
Which formed elements of blood lose most of their organelles during differentiation & maturation?
Erythrocytes (RBCs)
Heme molecules are important for holding which ion in such a way that it can interact with an oxygen molecule?
Iron ion
Which antigens are present on the surface of erythrocytes in an individual with the A positive blood type?
A & Rh
Which antibodies are present in the plasma of an individual with the B negative blood type?
A & Rh
What are the major classes of white blood cells?
Agranular cells & Granular cells
Which endocrine organ is responsible for the production of ADH, oxytocin, & regulatory hormones?
Hypothalamus
In women, which of the following is the function(s) of oxytocin that is released by the
posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Stimulates the contractions of smooth muscle cells in the uterus and myoepithelial cells
surrounding the secretory cells of the mammary glands
What are the major classes of leukocytes?
-Granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
-Agranulocytes: monocytes, lymphocytes
What are the differences between an artery & a vein?
-Arteries have thicker vessel walls
-Arteries have more smooth muscle
-Arteries maintain their shape when cut
-Endothelial lining of an artery cannot contract, so it folds
-Veins collapse when cut
-Veins have valves
What is blood?
Fluid connective tissue which distributes nutrients, oxygen and hormones and carries metabolic wastes to the kidneys for excretion
What are the components of blood?
Plasma (55%)
Packed cells (erythrocytes & leukocytes)
Platelets
What are the functions of blood?
1.Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
2. Distribute nutrients
3. Transport metabolic wastes
4. Deliver enzymes and hormones
5. Stabilize pH and electrolyte composition
6. Prevent fluid losses through damaged vessels through clotting
7. Defend against toxins and pathogens
8. Stabilize body temperature
What is the structure of erythrocytes (RBCs)?
-Biconcave disc
-Thin central region
-Measure about 7.7 microns in diameter
-Lack cell organelles
-Lack a nucleus
-Contain hemoglobin
Which structures are responsible for creating a direct electrical connection between cardiac muscle cells?
Gap Junctions
