Anatomy Quiz #6 Flashcards
What hormones does the Hypothalamus produce?
-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
-Oxytocin (OXT)
-Regulatory Hormones
What hormones does the Pituitary Gland produce? (Anterior Lobe)
-ACTH
-TSH
-GH
-PRL
-PSH
-LH
-MSH
What hormones does the Pituitary Gland produce? (Posterior Lobe)
-OXT
-ADH
What hormones does the Thyroid Gland produce?
-Thyroxine (T4)
-Triiodothyronine (T3)
-Calcitonin (CT)
What hormones do the Adrenal Glands produce? (Medulla)
-Epinephrine (E)
-Norepinephrine (NE)
What hormones do the Adrenal Glands produce? (Cortex)
-Cortisol
-Corticosterone
-Aldosterone
-Androgens
What hormones do the Pancreatic Islets produce?
-Insulin
-Glucagon
What hormone does the Pineal Gland produce?
-Melatonin
What hormones do the Parathyroid Glands produce?
-Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
What hormones do the Testes produce?
-Androgens (esp. testosterone)
-Inhibin
What hormones do the Ovaries produce?
-Estrogens
-Progesterone
-Inhibin
What hormones do the Kidneys produce?
-Erythropoletin (EPO)
-Calcitrol
What hormones does the Heart produce?
-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
What is the function of TSH?
Stimulates the production of thyroid hormones
What is the function of ACTH?
Stimulates glucocorticoid secretion
What is the function of FSH?
Stimulates follicle development & estrogen secretion in females and sperm maturation in males
What is the function of LH?
Stimulates ovulation, corpus luteum formation, and progesterone secretion
What is the function of PRL?
Targets female mammary glands & stimulates milk production
What is the function of GH?
Stimulates growth, protein synthesis, lipid mobilization, and catabolism
What is the function of MSH?
Stimulates increased melanin production in the epidermis
What is the function of ADH?
Causes the kidneys to retain water (prevents dehydration)
What is the function of OXT?
Causes the my-epithelial cells of the mammary glands to release milk from the nipple and causes contraction of smooth muscles of the uterus resulting in uterine contractions
What is the function of both T4 & T3?
Increase cellular metabolism
What is the function of Calcitonin?
Regulates blood calcium ion levels by causing a reduction in the ion concentration
What are the functions of Epinephrine & Norepinephrine?
Increases cardiac activity, blood pressure, glycogen breakdown, and muscular strength & endurance
What minerals are required to produce thyroid hormones?
Tyrosine & Iodine
What is the tissue type of blood?
Fluid connective tissue
What are the components of whole blood?
-Plasma, packed cells (erythrocytes & leukocytes), & platelets
What is the structure of erythrocytes (RBCs)?
-Biconcave disc
-Thin central region
-Measure about 7.7 microns in diameter
-Lack cell organelles
-Lack a nucleus
-Contain hemoglobin
What is heme?
A ring containing a central iron atom that can reversibly bind oxygen molecules; a component of the hemoglobin molecule
What are the major classes of leukocytes?
-Granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
-Agranulocytes: monocytes, lymphocytes
What is the difference between the anterior & posterior pituitary glands?
Posterior pituitary glands contain supraoptic nucleus (secretes OXT) & paraventricular nucleus (secretes ADH)
