Anatomy Quiz #1

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

the maintenance of relatively constant conditions in the internal environment despite changes in the external environment (all organ systems, except for reproductive, partake in maintaining homeostasis)

Question 2

Integumentary System

Answer 2

Protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature

Question 3

Skeletal System

Answer 3

Supports and protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood cells.

Question 4

Muscular System

Answer 4

Allows for locomotion; provides support; produces heat.

Question 5

Nervous System

Answer 5

Directs immediate responses to stimuli usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems.

Question 6

Endocrine System

Answer 6

Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems.

Question 7

Cardiovascular System

Answer 7

Transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases.

Question 8

Lymphatic System

Answer 8

Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream.

Question 9

Respiratory System

Answer 9

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between air and circulating blood; produces sound.

Question 10

Digestive System

Answer 10

Processes food and absorbs nutrients.

Question 11

Urinary System

Answer 11

Eliminates excess water, salts, and waste.

Question 12

Male Reproductive System

Answer 12

Produces sex cells and hormones.

Question 13

Female Reproductive System

Answer 13

Produces sex cells and hormones; supports embryonic and fetal development from fertilization to birth.

Question 14

First row of Abdominopelvic Regions

Answer 14

Right Hypochondriac Region, Epigastric Region, Left Hypochondriac Region.

Question 15

Middle Row of Abdominopelvic Regions

Answer 15

Right Lumbar Region, Umbilical Region, Left Lumbar Region.

Question 16

Bottom Row Abdominopelvic Regions

Answer 16

Right Inguinal Region, Hypogastric (pubic) Region, Left Inguinal Region

Question 17

Frontal/Coronal Plane

Answer 17

Divides the body in anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.

Question 18

Sagittal Plane

Answer 18

Divides the body into left and right sections
Midsagittal: divides the body in equal left and right halves
Parasagittal: runs parallel to the midsagittal line

Question 19

Transverse Plane

Answer 19

A horizontal plane, lies at a right angle to the longitudinal axis.

Question 20

Superior

Answer 20

Above, at a higher level.

Question 21

Inferior

Answer 21

Below, at a lower level.

Question 22

Cranial/Cephalic

Answer 22

Toward the head.

Question 23

Caudal

Answer 23

Toward the tail.

Question 24

Posterior/Dorsal

Answer 24

The back or behind.

Question 25

Anterior/Ventral

Answer 25

The front or before.

Question 26

Superficial

Answer 26

Close to the surface.

Question 27

Deep

Answer 27

Farther from the surface.

Question 28

Proximal

Answer 28

Toward an attached base.

Question 29

Distal

Answer 29

Away from an attached base.

Question 30

Medial

Answer 30

Toward the midline.

Question 31

Lateral

Answer 31

Away from the midline

Question 32

Molecular Level

Answer 32

Consists of water, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate molecules.

Question 33

Cellular Level

Answer 33

Contains cells and organelles that are made of molecules.

Question 34

Tissue Level

Answer 34

A group of specialized cells and cell products that work together and perform specific functions.

Question 35

Organ Level

Answer 35

Combinations of tissues that form complex functions.

Question 36

Organ System Level of Organization

Answer 36

A group of organs that function together to produce coordinated effects.

Question 37

Organism Level

Answer 37

Responsiveness, growth and differentiation, reproduction, movement, and metabolism.

Question 38

Hydrophobic Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 38

The tails are hydrophobic (located inside the membrane)

Question 39

Hydrophilic Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 39

The head is hydrophilic (located on the outside of the membrane)

Question 40

Integral Proteins

Answer 40

Act as channels and gates in the membrane to allow molecules to pass through.

Question 41

Types of Passive Transport

Answer 41

Diffusion, Osmosis, and Facilitated Diffusion

Question 42

Active Transport

Answer 42

Membrane permeability, the transport of materials across the plasma membrane using cellular energy.

Question 43

Microvilli

Answer 43

Small projections of the plasma membrane. Found in cells that absorb materials from extracellular fluid, increase surface area of plasma membrane.

Question 44

Mitochondria

Answer 44

Produces ATP by breaking down organic molecules. Part of cellular respiration

Question 45

Nucleus

Answer 45

Contains the DNA, the genetic blueprints, codes proteins.

Question 46

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 46

Synthesizes lipids, proteins & carbohydrates, stores products, transports, and detoxifies toxins.

Question 47

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 47

Packages enzymes, renews/modifies plasma membrane, and synthesizes & packages secretions.

Question 48

Lysosomes

Answer 48

Defend against disease and remove bacteria, fluids, and organic debris.

Question 49

Peroxisomes

Answer 49

Break down organic compounds forming hydrogen peroxide and enzymes convert hydrogen peroxide into water & oxygen.

Question 50

Cell Junctions

Answer 50

Specialized areas of the plasma membrane that attach cells together. Gap Junctions, Tight Junctions, and Desmosomes