Anatomy Quiz #3

Question 1

Types of cells you find in the Epidermis

Answer 1

Keratinocytes: produce keratin
Melanocytes: produce melanin
Merkel Cells: sensory cells
Langerhans Cells: macrophages

Question 2

The Layers of Epidermis in Order

From Deepest to Most Superficial

Answer 2

1. Stratum Basale
2. Stratum Spinosum
3. Stratum Granulosum
4. Stratum Lucidum
5. Stratum Corneum

Question 3

The Layers of the Dermis

From Deepest to Most Superficial

Answer 3

Reticular Layer

1. Deep Dermis
2. Loose connective tissue
3. Hair follicles
4. Sweat glands
5. Sebaceous glands

Papillary Layer

1. Superficial dermis
2. Loose connective tissue
3. Dermal papillae
4. Capillaries
5. Axons of Neurons

Question 4

Osteocytes

Answer 4

Mature Bone Cells that maintain the protein & mineral content of the matrix.

Question 5

Osteoblasts

Answer 5

Immature Bone Making Cells that are heavily involved in the making new bone.

Question 6

Osteoprogenitor Cell

Answer 6

Bone Stem Cells that differentiate to form new osteoblasts & are heavily involved in repair of bones after a break.

Question 7

Osteoclasts

Answer 7

Multinucleated Bone Breaking Cells that secrete acids that dissolve bones to release stored calcium & phosphate ions into the blood.

Question 8

Osteon

Answer 8

The functional unit of mature compact bone.

Question 9

Compact Bone vs Spongy Bone

Answer 9

Compact Bone:

• Dense & Solid
• Forms the walls of bones

Spongy Bone:

• Trabecular (cancellous) bone
• Open network of plates
• Surrounds medullary cavity

Question 10

Endosteum

Answer 10

The inner surface of the bone.

Lines the medullary cavity.

Consists of osteoprogenitor cells.

Actively involved in repair & growth.

Question 11

Periosteum

Answer 11

Covers the outer surface of the bone.

Consists of an outer fibrous layer of dense connective tissue & an inner osteogenic layer containing osteoprogenitor cells.

Connects with connective tissue surrounding the joint.

Question 12

Intramembranous Ossification

Answer 12

Bone develops from MESENCHYME TISSUE and veins in embryos BEFORE cartilage develops.

Question 13

Endochondral Ossification

Answer 13

Bone replaces existing CARTILAGE model throughout childhood.

Question 14

Types of Fractures

Answer 14

Transverse
Displaced
Compression
Spiral
Epiphyseal
Comminuted
Greenstick
Colles
Pott

Question 15

Bones of the Cranium

Answer 15

Occipital
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

Question 16

Bones of the Face

Answer 16

Vomer
Conchae
Nasal
Maxilla
Mandible
Palatine
Zygomatic
Lacrimal

Question 17

Atlas

Answer 17

Articulates with occipital condyles and allows the head to nod in a “yes” manner.

Question 18

Axis

Answer 18

Has dens, the transverse ligament bones the dens to the atlas, allows the head to move in a “no” manner.

Question 19

Amount of Vertebrae in Cervical Section

Answer 19

7

Question 20

Number of Vertebrae in Thoracic Section

Answer 20

12

Question 21

Number of Vertebrae in Lumbar Section

Answer 21

5