Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N473 > Exam 2 - Week 3 > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are standards that allow all people to live with dignity, freedom, equality, justice, and peace?

A

human rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who are human rights guaranteed to?

A

to everyone because they are human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are human rights part of?

A

international law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is part of international public policy?

A

universal declaration of human rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

true or false: universal declaration of human rights is drafted by reps only within the US

A

false; all over the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the Universal Delcaration of Human Rights protect?

A

protection for all people, all nations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What 4 organizations protect the fact that health care as a human right?

A
  1. world health organization
  2. the United Nations
  3. American Nurses Association: Ethics and Human Rights Statement
  4. International Council of Nurses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does AAAQ stand for?

A

Availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What should we have AAAQ with?

A
  1. underlying determinants - water, sanitation, food, nutrition, housing, healthy occupational and environmental conditions, education, information
  2. health care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are human rights given by a government to their citizens by laws and/or a constitution?

A

civil rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

true or false: civil rights can vary from country to country based on politics, social, cultural, religious, and traditional values.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Many of the universal human rights are implicitly or explicitly addressed in what? making them what?

A

a. the US Constitution or federal/state law

b. making them also civil rights in the US.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who is at risk for human/civil rights violations?

A
  • Minority populations: Racial, ethnic, gender, religious and sexual identity/orientation
  • Older adults dependent on others for care
  • -> Especially those with dementia
  • Those incarcerated
  • Immigrants (the poor, the undocumented and refugees)
  • People experiencing homelessness
  • People with mental, intellectual and physical disabilities
  • Prisoners of war
  • Non-combatants in areas of armed conflict
  • Children
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are examples of human/civil rights violations in US?

A
  • Elder abuse
  • Domestic violence
  • Sexual assault
  • Child abuse
  • Female genital mutilation
  • Human trafficking
  • -> Sex industry
  • -> Forced labor
  • Discrimination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the action of unfairly treating a person or group of people differently from other people or groups of people?

A

discrimination in health care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is discrimination in health care frequently but not limited to?

A

race, age, gender (and gender identity), language, religion, weight, sexual orientation, disabilities, and county of birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is discrimination in health care a significant contributor to?

A

health disparities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What protects some groups?

A

Health Care Rights Law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do most organizations’ Patient Bill of Rights explicitly protect patients from?

A

discrimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are negative beliefs, thoughts, feelings, or attitudes about an individual or group based on flawed assumptions about the group?

A

prejudice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is prejudice (beliefs and attitudes) and/or discrimination (action) based on race?

A

racism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is racism based on?

A

a personal attitude of the superiority of one’s race or ethnicity over another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do people act when they are racist?

A

Hostility or negative feelings about an individual or group based on race or ethnicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is oppression and privilege ingrained in an institution through its policies and practices?

A

systemic racism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the etiology of discrimination?

A

Stereotyping-assigning oversimplified ideas about a group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is discrimination in reference to bias?

A

Implicit bias-unconscious negative attitudes about a group or individual based on membership in that group

27
Q

What is an example of discrimination?

A

Making prejudicial/racist comments or jokes is not a thought or attitude

28
Q

What are examples of complex US ethical issues in the community?

A
  • Racial profiling
  • Family separation at US Mexico Border
  • Immigration (legal and illegal)
  • Birth control and abortion
  • Assisted suicide/euthanasia
  • Capital punishment
  • Mental illness in correctional settings
  • Force-feeding and solitary confinement in correctional settings
  • Torture used as an interrogation method
  • Recruiting/hiring nurses from poor countries with health care worker shortages
  • Restrictions during disasters (mandatory evacuations, quarantines).
  • Child labor
29
Q

What is the law that is a set of international rules (by treaty or custom), which all people can expect/claim; should be respected and protected by their governments. Applied at all times?

A

human rights law

30
Q

What is national and/or state laws protecting citizens’ human rights, specifically against discrimination. Applied at all times and to all people in the jurisdiction. But may vary significantly by jurisdiction?

A

civil rights law

31
Q

What are a set of human rights laws, also by treaty or custom, specifically defining rights ONLY during war and armed conflict?

A

International Humanitarian Law (IHL)

32
Q

When is the international humanitarian law applied?

A

ONLY during armed conflict

33
Q

When does the international humanitarian law not apply?

A

Does not apply during civil unrest, state repression, or governments use of force against a group the y consider illegal.

34
Q

What does the international humanitarian law include?

A

civil war

35
Q

What does international humanitarian law explicitly protect?

A
  1. Civilians, POWs, sick/wounded solders, health care workers/facilities, chaplains**.
  2. As with HRL, numerous violations exist globally
36
Q

What is the source of international humanitarian law?

A

Geneva Conventions (international treaties) and customary law

37
Q

What are violations of International Humanitarian Law?

A

war crimes

38
Q

What is when USPHS infected and then treated prison inmates, mentally ill patients and soldiers?

A

Guatemalan Syphilis Experiment

39
Q

What are 3 human subjects protections?

A
  1. Informed consent
  2. Ongoing assessment of risk versus benefit
  3. Institutional Review Boards
40
Q

What are PHN Strategies to promote Human Rights?

A
  1. Developing and strengthening our moral imagination
  2. Rights-based care
  3. The (Minnesota) Wheel Of Public Health Interventions
  4. Social justice
  5. The human-needs framework (see your textbook)
41
Q

What are empathy and compassion toward people who are personally unknown or different?

A

moral imagination

42
Q

What is required to avoid violations of human rights?

A

moral imagination

43
Q

When is moral imagination especially challenging?

A

Especially challenging when others are ethnically and culturally different

44
Q

What does “Us versus Them” philosophy limit?

A

limits our ability to truly empathize with those of significant ethnic and cultural differences

45
Q

What does rights-based care ensure?

A

ensures that human rights principles guide the care provided to patients, communities and populations

46
Q

What does RBC include?

A

actions and activities that contribute directly to the realization of one or several human rights.

47
Q

What are some examples of rights-based care?

A
  1. Using human rights to guide the development of programs including all phases of planning, setting goals and objectives, implementation and evaluation.
  2. Include community members in program planning
  3. Program evaluation: Were there any violations of human rights?
48
Q

What are the interventions involved in rights-based care from the intervention wheel?

A 
Advocacy
Policy Development and Enforcement
Outreach
Screening
Counseling
Health Teaching
Referral and follow-up
Case management
49
Q

What Addresses the inequities in Social Determinants of Health?

A

social justice

50
Q

Benefits and burdens should be what in society?

A

should be distributed fairly among members of a society

51
Q

What is social justice based on?

A

Based on belief that all people in a society should have the same rights, benefits and opportunities

52
Q

What has the ANA defined social justice as?

A

Just Provision of Care

53
Q

What does social justice conflict with?

A

market justice

54
Q

What is social justice key to?

A

eliminating health disparities among vulnerable populations!

55
Q

What does social justice include?

A

includes human rights, but is also broader and goes farther

56
Q

Which population is explicitly protected by International Humanitarian Law?

A. All people
B. Civilians in areas of armed conflict
C. Health care workers working in a poor country
D. Civilians living in areas of civil unrest
E. Soldiers fighting in an armed conflict

A

B

57
Q 
Which public policy provides for civil rights in the US?
A. The Declaration of Human Rights
B. The Geneva Conventions
C. The United Nations
D. The US Constitution
E. An individual’s birth right
A

D. The US Constitution. There are also Federal laws enacted by US Congress which further define and protect the civil rights of US

58
Q

Eunice Rivers, a nurse with the United States Public Health Service, played which key role in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?
A. the whistleblower who alerted the media about the project
B. the liaison between the study subjects and the government researchers
C. the nurse who wrote the first draft of the American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics
D. the nurse who injected the study participants with treponema pallidum (the bacterium causing syphilis)

A

B

59
Q

When does discrimination exist?

A

exists when a person is treated unfavorably or unjustly according to a particular characteristic such as race, age, gender, or religion

60
Q

What are attitudes and beliefs about personal characteristics in the forms of bias, prejudice, and stereotyping may influence behavior, but the actual act of discrimination?

A

intentional or blatant discrimination

61
Q

When does intentional discrimination occur?

A

occurs when an individual or group acts upon those attitudes and beliefs

62
Q

What are micro aggressions that are unconscious behaviors considered to be rude, demeaning, or damaging to the individual or group?

A

unintentional discrimination

63
Q

How can the effects of perceived discrimination affect the outcomes of health care?

A
  1. Feel they are not receiving optimal care
  2. may delay treatment
  3. have difficulty adhering to treatment plans
  4. may experience internalized racism, creating ongoing stressors that further affect health status.

N473 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions