Exam 1 - Week 3 Flashcards
What is the study and examination of data (quantitative and qualitative) with identification of strengths and stressors and the eventual development of a community nursing diagnosis?
analysis
What are the steps for analysis?
- categorization
- summarization
- comparison
What is included in categorization in analysis?
demographics, geographics, socioeconomic data, resources
What is included in summarization in analysis?
summary statements and charts such as rates, charts, and graphs are required.
What is involved in comparison in analysis?
Identification of data gaps, incongruences, and omissions.
what is comparative data needed for?
Comparative data are needed to determine whether a pattern or trend exists
What is important in analysis for comparison?
It is important to have a number of people take a look at the comparative data as each person has a unique perspective. It is through the sharing of views that a whole and comprehensive picture of community assessment data can evolve.
What comes after categorization, summarization, and categorization?
inferences
What does drawing inferences do?
drawing inferences that will lead to a statement of a community nursing diagnosis
In the drawing inferences phase, what is there synthesis of?
synthesis of what is known in the community.
What do inferences and/or conclusions help to identify?
community strengths and stressors
What describes a common mental pathway of increasing abstraction that often leads to erroneous beliefs.
Ladder of inference
What does the ladder of inference highlight?
It highlights the human tendency to move with lighting speed from what we observe to conclusions and beliefs about what we observe.
What is a danger about climbing the ladder of inference?
What we observe or notice is influenced by our past experience and current beliefs.
What is called when what we observe or notice is influenced by our past experience and current beliefs.
reflexive loop
What is confirmation bias?
looking for data that confirms what we already believe. In other words, we function according to self-generating beliefs.
What is sometimes bad about our beliefs?
Our beliefs become “the truth” and we take action on them without testing them.
if we want to be effective communicators and advocates for people and communities and achieved results, what do we need to do?
- Reflect on and become aware of our own thinking and reasoning.
- Test to make sure that we are basing our conclusions, beliefs, and actions on observable data as much as possible, not just what we have selected to confirm our own beliefs.
- Make our thinking and reasoning explicit to others; and
- Inquire into the thinking and reasoning of others.
What is a structured investigation that aims to identify the true cause of a problem and the actions necessary to eliminate it with a permanent fix rather than continuing to deal with the symptoms on an ongoing basis?
root cause analysis
What are the 3 types of causes in root cause analysis? and what is in them?
- Physical causes – tangible, materials items fail
- Human causes – people did or did not do something
- Organizational causes – policy, politics, systems issues
What technique is one method used to identify underlying causes of a community issue?
the “But Why?”
What are underlying factors called in the “But why” technique
root causes
What does the “But Why?” technique examine?
examines a problem by asking questions to find out what caused it.
What is in collaboration? (Hint: starts with an H)
Himmelman Collaborative Continuum
What provides a base from which we can assess different types of strategies used to advance society, organizations, agencies, etc.?
Himmelman Collaborative Continuum
What are the 3 biggest problems in collaboration?
- time
- trust
- turf
What does success of a project/intervention depend on?
community acceptance and involvement.
What is an important step in establishing and maintaining partnerships in community
inclusion in the process.
What are the 4 parts of the collaboration continuum?
- Networking
- coordination
- cooperation
- collaboration
define networking in the collaboration continuum?
simply involves the exchange of information for mutual benefit.
define coordination in the collaboration continuum?
builds upon aspects of networking by adding the dimension ofaltering activities for mutual benefitand to achieve a common purpose. Typically, through better coordinating of programs and services, user-friendliness and access can be enhanced.
define cooperation in the collaboration continuum?
builds on all the dimensions of cooperation and adds sharing of resources. Resources can be human, fiscal, or technical, such as knowledge resources.
define collaboration in the collaboration continuum?
includes all of the above dimensions plus involvesenhancing the capacity of anotherfor mutual benefit and to achieve a common purpose.”
What is an asset based approach to starting with deficiencies and needs in the community?
start with the assets in the community
What is an asset based approach to responding to problems?
identifying opportunities and strengths
What is an asset based approach to providing services to users?
invest in people as citizens
What is an asset based approach to emphasizing the role of agencies?
emphasize the role of civil society
What is an asset based approach to focusing on individuals?
focus on the communities/neighborhoods and the common good
What is an asset based approach seeing people as clients and consumers receiving services?
see people as citizens and co-producer with something to offer
What is an asset based approach to treat people as passive and done-to
support people to develop their potential
What is an asset based approach to implement programs as the answer?
see people as the answer
What is a diagnosis?
is a label that both describes a situation (or state) and implies an etiology (cause).
What does a nursing diagnose limit?
the diagnostic process to those diagnoses that represent human responses to actual or potential health problems that nurses are licensed to treat.
In NANDA terms, what is a nursing diagnosis?
a clinical judgement concerning a human response to health conditions/life processes, or a vulnerability for that response, by an individual, family, group or community and provides the basis for selection of a nursing intervention…
What are the four parts to a community nursing diagnosis?
- risk of
- among
- related to
- demonstrated/manifested (signs and symptoms)
What is the “at risk for” part of the diagnosis?
actual or potential health issue
What is the “among” part of the diagnosis?
who, community
What is the related to part of the diagnosis?
etiology… causes of health issue
What is the “as demonstrated or manifested by” part?
signs, symptoms, data or interview)
What are the 8 CAP subsystems?
- Physical Environment
- Education
- Health & Social Services
- Economics
- Recreation
- Politics & Government
- Safety & Transportation
- Communication
What are the 7 parts of the ladder of inference?
- observable data and experiences
- collect data from what I observe
- I add meanings (cultural and personal)
- Take assumptions based on the meanings I added
- I draw conclusions
- adopt beliefs about the world
- Take actions based on my beliefs
