Exam 2 - Week 2 Flashcards
What refers to the legal relationship that buyers of labor have to sellers of labor. This relationship determines the obligations, responsibilities and expectations of employers and employees in that relationship?
employment
what is a socially defined group of workers with the assumption of shared skills, knowledge, and tasks?
occupation
What are circumstances under which people perform their jobs and can include how work is organized; location and hours worked; and the physical, chemical, biological, and social factors present?
working environment
What are those factors related to the tasks of a particular job (ergonomic demands)?
job characteristics
What generally refers to the package of employment, occupation, working conditions, and job characteristics (Ahonene et al., 2018?
job or work
What 2 things can a person’s work be?
- health damaging
2. health enhancing
What are the 3 work-related SDOH for education?
- Educational opportunities for further job advancement
- Training on health and safety
- Management support for further education
What are the work-related SDOH for social and community context?
Social integration, prestige, power and meaning
Access to creative work (also linked to better health)
Work-family conflict or Work-spillover (inter-role conflict that arises when responsibilities in one domain interfere with the ability to fulfill responsibilities in the other domain.
Job strain (too little task control + high levels of demand with little workplace social support)
Job stress linked to risky behaviors (alcohol, tobacco, drugs)
Job culture linked to risky behaviors (alcohol, tobacco, drugs)
Institutional Policies: Timing and regularity of working hours and schedules
Presence of policies that give employees control of their work schedules
Family friendly policies
Exposure to discrimination and harassment
Intergenerational transmission of health: physical-psycho-social experiences of working parents’ impact on children (prenatal exposure, salary and benefits sufficient to support children’s health, transmission of environmental hazards from work to home)
Organization Policy: labor unions (presence and strength of)
Supervisor or management support
What are the work-related SDOH for health and health care?
Institutional Policy: Employee benefits: Access to health insurance, sick days, sick leave, sick child care, onsite or access to employee/occupation health department
Salary that supports ability to purchase health-enhancing goods and services, such as gym memberships
Institutional safety policies and regulations
Access to personal protective equipment and supplies
Job characteristics: Physically repetitive or physically demanding work leading to strain-related injuries
Concept of “Health selection”: Health as a personal resource that determines the quality of work one is able to obtain.
People with existing health problems may be more likely to be hired for a job with poor working conditions. Health outcomes might be exacerbated rather than caused by working conditions.
What are the work-related SDOH for neighborhood and build environment?
Chemical, radiological, electrical, explosive, physical, and biological environmental hazards
Noise, heat, vibration, inhaled hazards (such as dust)
Physical dangers (equipment, location/site/geography of work site [in flight, construction sites, in mines])
Risk of, or actual exposure to, violence (and/or presence of security and other protective resources)
What are the work-related SDOH for economic stability?
Institutional Policy: Salary and other financial benefits such as
Pensions or retirement benefits
Unemployment benefits
Job security/insecurity
Career trajectories (upward, static or downward mobility in career)
(Burgard & Lin, 2013)
What is health promotion in the workplace?
a process by which employees learn about primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies to improve their health and quality of life
Why promote health in the workplace?
encourages employees to take responsibility for their health to lower risk of disease and injury.
a. What are Chronic Disease Self-Management Programs? Describe them:
b. What stage in the natural history of disease and level of prevention do these programs address?
a.
1. Taking care of the disease process –> Employees self- manage their diseases by knowing their meds, regimens, side effects, reporting changing symptoms to health care providers, healthy eating, and exercising.
2. taking care of normal activities –> employees self-manage type, amount, and structure of their normal social, work, and home life activities.
3. taking care of their emotions –> employees self-manage emotional changes that occur with chronic illness, such as anger, uncertainty, depression, changed role expectations, and goals.
b. Tertiary prevention
What is occupational health nursing?
the speciality practice that focuses on preventative health care, health promotion, and health restoration within the context of a safe and healthy environment.
Compare and contrast occupational health nursing to other specialties of population health? What is in the job description?
a. often responsible for health promotion programs at the worksite and is an excellent resource person for establishing a community partnership.
b.
- case management
- counseling and crisis management
- health promotion and risk reduction
- legal and regulatory compliance
- worker and workplace hazard reduction
What is the professional organization for OHN in the US?
American Association of Occupational Health Nursing
What is a health risk appraisal, also known as a health risk assessment (HRA)?
an easily administered, confidential instrument used to determine life expectancy based on current risk behaviors.
What is the goal of using a HRA to promote work site health?
a, it calculates the amount of risk that could be avoided if lifestyle behaviors were changed.
b. determine the person’s readiness to change behavior.
What US health policy requires employers to provide a safe and healthful workplace?
The OSH act of 1970
What are the 4 subtypes of workplace violence according to FBI? (You do not need to know the number assigned to each category)
type 1: committed by criminals who have no connection with workplace
type 2: committed by customers, clients, patients, students, inmates
type 3: committed by coworkers, supervisors, manager, present or former employees
type 4: committed by someone who does not work at workplace but has a personal relationship with an employee; intimate partner.
Which 3 occupations are at greatest risk for work-related homicides (per NIOSH)?
- sales and related occupations
- protective service occupations
- transportation and material moving occupations
What behaviors are included in the continuum of workplace violence?
- incivility
- horizontal violence
- harassment
- verbal abuse
- threats
- physical assault
What are the signs and symptoms of employee workplace violence?
- anxiety
- loss of concentration
- disrupted sleep
- feeling edgy, irritable
- stress headaches
- increased heart rate
- body aches in the muscles or joints
- stress-related fatigue and exhaustion
- diagnosed depression
- significant weight change
- chronic fatigue syndrome
- panic attacks
- skin changes
- use of substances to cope: tobacco, alcohol, drugs, food
- suicidal thoughts
Define workplace harassment (differentiating it from how the term harassment is usually used)
any unwelcome verbal, written, or physical conduct that either denigrates or shows hostility or aversion toward a person the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex, religion, disability, marital status, or pregnancy.
What can the HRA be used for?
can be used as a teaching tool that gives positive feedback for healthy behaviors and encouragement and info for changing unhealthy behaviors.
What are departmental signs and symptoms of workplace violence?
- a disproportionate turnover rate higher than industry standards
- a higher rate of absenteeism, paid time off, workers’ compensation, or disability insurance claims
- employees request transfers from certain departments more than from others
- a pattern of harassment complaints about particular individuals that do not meet eligibility requirements for illegal violations of civil rights or internal policies
- when repeated complaints about particular individuals are investigated internally, witnesses routinely refute what the complaint saw, heard, or experienced.
What does workplace harassment create?
creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment
what does workplace harassment interfere with?
a. interferes with an employees work performance
b. affects an employees employment opportunities or compensation.
