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Organ Histo > Exam 2: Urinary > Flashcards

Exam 2: Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

Capsule of kidney

A

Thin/fibrous

Dense irregular CT

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2
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Widening of ureter

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3
Q

Major calyces

A

Broad spaces to collect urine — direct to renal pelvis

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4
Q

Minor calyces

A

Smaller collecting areas from each major calyx

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5
Q

Minor calyces contain

A

Renal papilla

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6
Q

Renal papilla is the

A

Tip of each renal pyramid

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7
Q

Renal sinus

A

Area surrounding renal pelvis, major/minor calyces

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8
Q

Renal sinus contains

A

Adipose

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9
Q

Components of renal cortex

A

Renal corpuscles
Tubules
Meudllary rays

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10
Q

Medullary rays extend from

A

Medulla into cortex

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11
Q

Primary portions of medullary rays

A

Loop of Henle and collecting tubules

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12
Q

Components of medulla

A

Renal pyramids

Renal columns

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13
Q

Renal pyramids

A

8-12/kidney
Parallel nephrons
Collecting ducts

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14
Q

Renal columns are areas separating the

A

Renal pyramids

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15
Q

Renal columns have

A

BV
Urinary tubes
Fibrous CT

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16
Q

General function of renal corpuscle

A

Blood filtration

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17
Q

3 parts of renal corpuscle

A

Bowman’s capsule
Glomerulus
Mesangial cells

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18
Q

Bowman’s capsule layers

A

Parietal layer
Visceral layer

Urinary space between

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19
Q

Parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule epithelium

A

Simple squamous

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20
Q

Visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule

A

Internal layer of podocytes

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21
Q

Urinary space receives filtered fluid from

A

Capillaries

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22
Q

Where is filtrate first collected

A

Urinary space (btw layers of Bowmans capsule)

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23
Q

Podocytes

A

Modified epi cells

Contain pedicels

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24
Q

Pedicels

A

Cover glomerular capillaries

Create filtration slits

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25
Q

Glomerulus

A

Fenestrated capillary network in visceral layer of Bowman’s

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26
Q

Glomerulus has a thick ___ which functions to ____

A

Basement membrane

Block large proteins

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27
Q

Glomerulus is located btw 2 arterioles so that

A

Tunica media can inc pressure to enhance filtration

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28
Q

Mesangial cells

A

Cells in renal corpuscles

Pericyte-like

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29
Q

Mesangial cells are present in areas lacking __

A

Podocytes

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30
Q

Functions of mesangial cells

A

Support
Filtration
Phagocytosis
Secrete cytokines

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31
Q

Proximal convolutes tubules epithelium

A

Simple cuboidal w/ long microvilli

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32
Q

Location of PCT

A

Cortex

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33
Q

Proximal straight tubule epi

A

Simple cuboidal

NO microvilli

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34
Q

Proximal straight tubule location

A

Medulla

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35
Q

Thin limbs consist of

A

Descending and ascending parts

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36
Q

Thin limbs epi

A

Simple squamous

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37
Q

Location of thin limbs

A

Medulla

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38
Q

Thick ascending limb epi

A

Simple cuboidal

NO microvilli

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39
Q

Distal convoluted tubule epi

A

Simple cuboidal

Shorter cells
Shorter/fewer microvilli

40
Q

DCT location

A

Cortex

41
Q

Macula densa is part of ___ at the vascular pole containing ____

A

DCT; closely packed columnar cells

42
Q

Macula densa is part of the

A

Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)

43
Q

Connecting tubule epi

A

Simple squamous/cuboidal

44
Q

Function of connecting tubule

A

Connect nephrons to collecting ducts

45
Q

Are collecting ducts part of a nephron

A

NO

46
Q

Collecting duct epi

A

Simple cuboidal to simple columnar

47
Q

Cell types in collecting ducts

A

Principle cells

Intercalated cells

48
Q

Principle cells AKA

A

Light cells
Collecting duct cells

MC cell type

49
Q

Location of principle cells

A

Medullary rays and medulla

50
Q

Intercalated cells AKA

A

Dark cells

51
Q

Intercalated cells location

A

Medullary rays

52
Q

There are no intercalated cells close to

A

Renal papillae

53
Q

Collecting ducts lead to ___ which lead to ____ and finally to ____

A

Papillary duct; renal papillae; minor calyx

54
Q

Mucosa is the major layer lining the

A

Lumen

55
Q

3 sublayers of mucosa

A

Epi
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

56
Q

Luminal wall layers of ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Adventitia

57
Q

Lamina propria

A

Loose CT w/ small BV
Lymphatics
Nerves
Glands

58
Q

Muscularis mucosae

A

Longitudinal smooth ms
Discontinuous
Wall strength
Thickness varies

59
Q

Submucosa

A

Fibrous CT layer
Strength
Larger BVs
Glands possible

60
Q

Muscularis externa

A

Usually smooth ms

61
Q

Normal pattern of muscularis externa

A

Inner circular

Outer longitudinal

62
Q

Adventitia

A

CT on outside of ME

Binding function

63
Q

Serosa is an edge of ____ cells outside of ME

A

Squamous

64
Q

Serosa can secrete a

A

Serous fluid

Lubrication function

65
Q

Epi of ureters

A

Urinary epi

66
Q

Luminal wall mucosa has 3 layers:

A
  1. Basal cells
  2. Intermediate cells
  3. Large superficial cells
67
Q

LP of ureters

A

Dense irregular CT

68
Q

Submucosa of ureter blends w/

A

LP

69
Q

Muscularis externa of ureter has a reverse pattern

A

Inner longitudinal

Outer circular

70
Q

Distal end of uretery has 3 muscle layers

A

Inner longitudinal
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal

71
Q

Ureter enters at an angle to create a ___, as bladder fills ____

A

Valve; entrance to ureters is closed

72
Q

Function of valve ____ which is important to ____

A

Prevent backflow; stop spread of infection to kidneys

73
Q

Bladder mucosa epi

A

Transitional = urothelium

74
Q

Function of urothelium in mucosa of bladder

A

Stretch and protect from hypertonic/toxic urine

75
Q

Transitional epi has one layer of superficial cells called

A

Umbrella cells

76
Q

Purpose of plaque on urothelium of bladder

A

Protection of cells/tissues

Block water passage

77
Q

Muscle making up urinary bladder

A

Detrusor

78
Q

Urinary bladder has a ___ pattern of ME

A

Reversed

Long
Circular
Long

79
Q

Internal urethral sphincter is a

A

Circle of smooth muscle

80
Q

Internal urethral sphincter is under ____ control

A

Involuntary

81
Q

Sympathetic to bladder supply

A

Blood vessels

82
Q

Parasympathetic in bladder supply

A

ME and adventitia

Micturation reflex

83
Q

Sensory neurons in urinary bladder

A

Afferent fibers for micturition reflex

84
Q

Urethra is a fibromuscular tube with

A

Longitudinal folds in mucosa

85
Q

3 sections of male urethra

A

Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy

86
Q

Prostatic urethra surface epi

A

Urothelium

87
Q

Membranous urethra passes through

A

External urethral sphincter

88
Q

External urethral sphincter made up of

A

Skeletal muscle

89
Q

Membranous urethra epi

A

Stratified columnar

Pseudostratified columnar

90
Q

Spongy urethra is surrounded by

A

Erectile tissue

91
Q

Surface epi of spongy urethra

A

Strat columnar
Pseudostrat columnar
Strat squamous

92
Q

Glands that empty into spongy urethra

A

Bulbourethral and urethral

93
Q

In males the urethra is part of what systems

A

Urinary and reproductive

94
Q

In females urethra is part of which system

A

Urinary only

95
Q

Surface epi of female urethra

A

Transitional
Strat/pseudostrat columnar
Strat squamous

96
Q

External urethral sphincter is around _____ of female urethra

A

Middle portion

Organ Histo (9 decks)

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