Exam 2 Questions

Question 1

Function of synovial membranes

Answer 1

Protects bones in joints by reducing friction

Question 2

Function of cutaneous membrane

Answer 2

Protects inside of body from pathogens and desiccation

Question 3

Location of synovial membranes

Answer 3

Joint cavities

Question 4

Location of cutaneous membrane

Answer 4

Skin

Question 5

Name 4 places where mucous membranes are located

Answer 5

Digestive tract, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and reproductive tracts

Question 6

Name 3 functions of mucous membranes

Answer 6

Protection, secretion, and absorption

Question 7

Location of serous membranes

Answer 7

Surrounds organs in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Question 8

Function of serous membranes

Answer 8

Reduces friction between adjacent structures

Question 9

Name the 2 layers in the serous membrane and what they do

Answer 9

Parietal (lines walls of the body cavity) and Visceral (covers the organs)

Question 10

Where are new skin cells made: deepest layer or top

Answer 10

Deepest; dead cells at top

Question 11

Where in the epidermis are the stem cells located?

Answer 11

Deepest layer of the epithelium

Question 12

What kinds of cells are at the surface of the epidermis

Answer 12

Dead cells filled with keratin

Question 13

Name 3 functions of the surface of the epidermis

Answer 13

Mechanical protection, keeps microbes and foreign particles away from deeper body structures, and prevents dehydration

Question 14

Function of hypodermis

Answer 14

Connects skin to the underlying fascia of bones and muscles

Question 15

3 functions of adipose

Answer 15

Stores energy, insulation, and cushioning

Question 16

Hair follicle

Answer 16

Tube in epidermis where hair grows

Question 17

Hair shaft

Answer 17

Part of hair not attached to follicle

Question 18

Hair bulb

Answer 18

Part of hair attached to the base of the follicle

Question 19

Name 2 functions of nails

Answer 19

Protection and helps pick up small objects

Question 20

Whats the structure of nails (type of cells)?

Answer 20

Densely packed dead keratinocytes

Question 21

What do eccrine sweat glands do; location and what do they contain?

Answer 21

Cools the body; all over body but more abundant on palms of hands, soles of feet and forehead; contains water, salt, antibodies, metabolic waste products and antimicrobial molecules

Question 22

Location, consistency and function of apocrine sweat glands

Answer 22

Genital and axillary regions; contains water, salt and organic compounds; unknown function

Question 23

Which sweat gland causes body odor

Answer 23

Apocrine

Question 24

Name 3 functions of sebaceous glands

Answer 24

Lubricates and waterproofs skin and hair, antibacterial properties, and prevents water loss from skin

Question 25

What 4 things can cause burns

Answer 25

Heat, radiation, electricity, and chemicals

Question 26

Name the 6 functions of the skeletal system

Answer 26

Supports the body, facilitates movement, protects internal organs, produces blood cells, stores and releases fat (yellow marrow), and stores and releases minerals (calcium)

Question 27

Which bone cell releases calcium from the ECM into the blood

Answer 27

Osteoclasts

Question 28

What 2 things is calcium necessary in the blood for?

Answer 28

Muscle contractions and nerve impulses

Question 29

What type of bones houses red bone marrow

Answer 29

Spongy

Question 30

What are the 3 stimuli in excitability

Answer 30

Nerve impulses, hormones, and stretch

Question 31

What are the 5 functions of skeletal muscle

Answer 31

Contracts for body movements, prevents movement, controls movement if substances in and out of internal tracts, protection of internal organs, and generates heat fir thermoregulation

Question 32

Name the 6 skeletal muscle structures from smallest to largest

Answer 32

Myofilaments, sarcomeres, myofibrils, skeletal muscle fiber, fascicle, and entire muscle

Question 33

What are the 3 functions of mysia

Answer 33

Provides space for blood vessels and nerves, separates muscle from other organs, and extends beyond muscle to form tendons

Question 34

What 2 types of proteins are in sarcomeres

Answer 34

Contractile and regulatory

Question 35

Are skeletal muscles ever completely relaxed? Why or why not?

Answer 35

No, always slightly contracted to keep myosin and actin overlapping in preparation for a contration