Exam 2 - Pediatric viral exanthems

Question 1

Examples of viral exanthems - six diagnoses

Answer 1

1. Measles (viral)
2. Scarlet fever (due to strep)
3. Rubella
4. Duke’s disease
5. Fifth disease (erythema infectiousum)
6. Roseola infantum

Question 2

Measles patient presentation

Answer 2

• Red macules/papules
  
  • Begin on face and spread from there
• Koplik spots in mouth
• Fever

Question 3

Rubella patient presentation

Answer 3

• Pink/red macules
• Itchy
• Begins on the face and spreads from there over 24 hour time period

Question 4

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) patient presentation

Answer 4

• Slapped cheeks
  
  • As this fades, will develop rash on trunk
• Fever
• School age children

Question 5

Roseola infantum patient presentation

Answer 5

• 18 months to toddlers
• Pink maculopapular rash
• Lesions surrounded by white halos
• Fever before rash onset
• Painless
• Begins on trunk

Question 6

What is varicella zoster?

Answer 6

Vesicular rash that presents with prodromal symptoms (e.g. fever, abdominal pain, headache)

• Rash begins on abdomen or face then to extremities
• Pinpoint vesicles (200-500 lesions)

Question 7

Varicella zoster management

Answer 7

Typically self limiting

• Antipyretics
• Soothing creams
• Hydration

Question 8

When is medication indicated for children with varicella zoster rash?

Answer 8

For children >12 years old, immunocompromised, multiple comordities

Question 9

Oral medication for varicella zoster in children >12 years

Answer 9

Acyclovir