Exam 2 - Pediatric ortho considerations

Question 1

Genu valgum vs genu verum

Answer 1

Genu verum = bow legs

Genu valgum = knock knees

Question 2

Greenstick fracture characteristics

Answer 2

Bone bends and cracks (doesn’t break completely into separate pieces)

Question 3

Displaced vs non-displaced fracture characteristics

Answer 3

Displaced - bone breaks into 2+ pieces and moves out of alignment

Non-displaced - bone breaks but does not move out of alignment

Question 4

Comminuted fracture characteristics

Answer 4

Bone breaks into multiple pieces (small pieces all over)

Question 5

What mneumonic can be used to classify fractures along the growth plate of children?

Answer 5

S: straight across (type I)

A: above (type II)

L: lower (type III)

T: through (type IV)

ER: erosure of growth plate (type V)

Question 6

Common pediatric orthopedic complaints (that cause them to show up in clinic)

Answer 6

• Pain
• Swelling
• Refusal to use limb
• Limping
• Deformity

Question 7

What tests can the provider perform to assess for hip dysplasia?

Answer 7

• Galeazzi
• Ortolani
• Barlow
• Klisic test

Question 8

What can the trendelenburg sign show during exam?

Answer 8

Weakness in the abductor muscles of the hip

• Examples: slipped calf, femoral epiphysis, Legg-Calve Perthes disease

Question 9

What does the Adams test assess for?

Answer 9

Scoliosis - forward bend to check curvature of spine