Exam 1 - Kawasaki disease (stage 1)

Question 1

What is the first stage of kawasaki disease?

Answer 1

Acute stage - typically acute and self limiting but can be serious

Question 2

What is the underlying pathophysiology of kawasaki disease?

Answer 2

Systemic vasculitis - swelling of arterial walls

Question 3

What is kawasaki disease?

Answer 3

Acute febrile illness of unknown etiology that primarly affects children younger than 5 years

Question 4

How long does the acute stage of kawasaki disease last? How long do fevers last during this stage?

Answer 4

10 days

High fever for >5 days

Question 5

Why do fevers last more than five days in the acute stage (stage 1) of kawasaki disease?

Answer 5

Fever not responding to any treatment (e.g. antipyrectics, antibiotics)

Question 6

Kawasaki disease: acute stage (stage 1) clinical presentation

• General

Answer 6

• Ill appearing
• Inconsolable

Question 7

Kawasaki disease: acute stage (stage 1) clinical presentation

• HEENT

Answer 7

• Bilateral non-purulent conjunctivitis (not painful)
• Dry, cracked mucus membranes
• Strawberry tongue
• Red, peeling, bleeding lips
• Cervical lymphadenopathy
  
  • Unilateral
  • >1.5 cm

Question 8

Kawasaki disease: acute stage (stage 1) clinical presentation

• Skin

Answer 8

Maculopapular rash (morbiliform)

Question 9

Kawasaki disease: acute stage (stage 1) clinical presentation

• Cardiac

Answer 9

Tachycardia

Question 10

What is NOT considered a clinical presentation for kawasaki disease?

Answer 10

• Oral ulcers
• Pharyngeal exudate

Question 11

American Heart Association criteria for kawasaki disease

Answer 11

Fever ≥ 5 days and four of the following five principal clinical features

• C - conjunctivitis (bilateral, nonpurulent)
• R - rash (morbiliform)
• E - edema (hands and feet)
• A - adenopathy (cervical, unilateral)
• M - mucus membranes
  
  • reddened, cracked lips
  • strawberry tongue