Exam #2: Parenteral Fluid Therapy Flashcards
What are the three TYPES of IVF?
- Crystalloids
- Colloids
- Blood/Blood Products
What is the most commonly used type of IVF?
Crystalloids
What are the four types of Crystalloid IVFs we discussed?
- Isotonic
- Hypertonic
- Hypotonic
- D5W
What is the main osmotically active particle in Crystalloids?
SODIUM
What are the three types of Isotonic Crystalloids, and what are they used to treat (2)?
Dehydration, Hypovolemia
- 0.9% NS
- LR
- Plasma-Lyte
What are the four components of LR?
- Na+
- Cl-
- K+
- Ca2+
Which type of IVF is most physiologic to the normal body?
Plasma-Lyte
- Type of Crystalloid
How does sodium content in Hypertonic and Hypotonic Crystalloids compare to Isotonic?
- Hypertonic: MORE Na+ than body is used to
- Hypotonic: LESS Na+ than body is used to
What is the primary type of Hypertonic Crystalloids, and what is it used to treat?
Life-threatening hyponatremia with water retention
- 3% NS
With which TYPE of IVF should you caution rapid correction could cause central pontin myelinolysis (CPM), osmotic demyelination?
Hypertonic Crystalloid
What two complications should you be cautious of with using Hypertonic Crystalloid?
- Central pontin myelinolysis (CPM)
- Osmotic demyelination
With which ROUTE of IVF should you caution rapid correction could cause central pontin myelinolysis (CPM), osmotic demyelination?
Replacement
What two complications should you be cautious of when administering Replacement IVF?
- Central pontin myelinolysis (CPM)
- Osmotic demyelination
What are the two types of Hypotonic Crystalloids, and what are they used to treat?
Maintenance Fluids (long- term NPO)
- 0.5 NS
- 0.25 NS
What should Hypotonic Crystalloids NOT be used to treat, and why?
NOT dehydration/hypovolemia
- Can’t replace volume deficit
What is D5W, and what is it used to treat?
Hyperglycemia
- 5% dextrose in water
What substances do Colloids contain?
High-molecular weight substances that do NOT migrate easily across capillary walls