Exam 2: Memory Flashcards
Cognition =
memory = intelligence
Sensory memory
brief, modality-specific store of info received by sensory receptors
types of working memory
phonological loop
visuospatial sketchpad
episodic buffer
working memory
central executive
dynamic, short-term limited capacity buffer that enables storing of info briefly and actively manipulating it while it is being processed
phonological loop
engaged with repeating a telephone number before dialing
visuospatial sketchpad
stores visual and spatial info briefly (shapes, colors, building routes)
episodic buffer
connects info across domains (verbal, visual, spatial) and helps chronologically order info
declarative/explicit memory
“knows that”
comprises the facts we know through learning
these facts can be “declared”
3 types of declarative/explicit memory
lexical
episodic
semantic
events
episodic memory
episodic memory
semantic memory + context
autobiographical memory; enables use to travel back in time; allows conscious recollection of specific episodes
place + time
episodic memory
concepts
semantic memory
semantic memory
generic memory; conceptual knowledge; an associative network
connect everything by meaning
semantic memory
words
lexical memory
lexical memory
word memory; organized by sound and meaning; associative network; not haphazardly organized
subjective experience: known
semantic
subjective experience: remembered
episodic
organization: symbolically by meaning
semantic
organization: temporal & spatial
episodic
vulnerability to forgetting: less vulnerable
semantic
vulnerability to forgetting:
episodic
retrieval: context independent
semantic
retrieval: context dependent
episodic
“knows that”
declarative/explicit memory
“knows how”
nondeclarative/implicit memory
nondeclarative/implicit memory
“knows how”
habits
nondeclarative/implicit memory
well=rehearsed, almost unconscious, behavioral routines
tying shoes, driving, typing, brushing teeth
nondeclarative/implicit memory
types of nondeclarative/implicit memory
habits
procedural memory
priming
conditioned responses
procedural memory
facilitates learning of motor tasks and procedures and developing cognitive skills by repeatedly performing them
priming
implicit or unconscious enhanced ability to detect, identify, or respond to a stimulus after recent exposure to it or a related stimulus
fire alarms, gas leaks
priming
conditioned behaviors
behaviors that are automatically produced in response to a particular set of stimuli
smells, music, dances
conditioned behaviors
AD results in: impaired ______
working and episodic memory but relatively spared nondeclarative memory
Huntington’s or Parkinson’s diseases related to dementias result in severe
procedural memory and motor skills learning impairments but less impaired episodic memory
ideation
activation of a concept within semantic and working memory systems
translation of concepts into words
activation of words in lexical and working memory systems
production of words
activation of procedural memory
comprehension
activation of concept in listener’s semantic and working memory systems
relation of linguistic communication & memory
production of words
ideation
comprehension
translation of concept into words
