Exam 1 - CN (medical aspects of stroke; site of lesion) Flashcards
Transient Ischemic Attack: traditional definition
a brief focal cerebral event in which symptoms develop suddenly; part of the brain has temporarily become ischemic; last 2 minutes to 24 hours
ischemic
lack of blood flow/O2
TIA: current definition
a transient episode of neurological interruption caused by temporary brain ischemia without acute infarction; duration is no longer specified
reversible ischemic neurological deficit (RIND)
stroke that gets completely better in 1-3 weeks
stroke
a sudden and severe onset of a prominent and frequently persistent neurological deficit; an illness resulting from damage to the parenchyma of the brain; brain death occurs (infarction)
parenchyma
tissue
black spot on CT scan =
dead tissue
two types of strokes
- occlusive (ischemic)
- hemorrhagic
2 causes of occlusive strokes
- thrombotic occlusion of artery
- embolic occlusion of artery
85% of strokes
occlusive
occlusive =
ischemic
ischemic =
occlusive
occlusive stroke
blockage that causes low blood flow to the brain
thrombosis
stationary blockage along an arterial wall (narrows artery)
embolus
particle that breaks away/floats around in bloodstream
15% of strokes
hemorrhagic
hemorrhagic stroke
rupture of blood vessel anywhere within skull or brain
bleeding from a complex of abnormally formed vessels
hemorrhagic stroke
arteriovenous malformation
abnormally formed blood vessels
hemorrhagic strokes can occur within 4 different spaces:
- intracerebral
(intracranial) - subarachnoid
- subdural
- epidural space
intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke
parenchyma of brain
somewhere inside skull
intracranial hemorrhagic stroke
subarachnoid space
subdural space
epidural space
subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke
intracranial
between pia and arachnoid mater
subdural hemorrhagic stroke
intracranial
between arachnoid and dura mater
epidural hemorrhagic stroke
intracranial
between dura mater and skull
order of mater outside -> inside
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
meninges are composed of
dura, arachnoid, and pia mater