Exam 2 - Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Flashcards
At what age do most HPV infections occur?
Young adults between ages 15-24 years old
What routes can HPV be transmitted?
Vaginal, anal, oral, genital, skin
- Does NOT require penetration
What are the low risk types of HPV?
HPV 6 and 11
What are the high risk types of HPV?
HPV 16 and 18
What type of HPV causes genital warts and is non-oncogenic?
HPV 6 and 11
- Condylomata acuminata
- Benign low-grade cervical changes
What type of HPV can lead to cancer (oncogenic)?
HPV 16 and 18
- Low or high grade cervical changes (cervical cancer)
- Anogenital, penile, vulvar, vaginal, anal, oropharyngeal, pre-cancers
HPV prevention
- Abstain from sex
- Condom use
- Limit number of sexual partners
- HPV vaccine (before sexually active)
What are the three HPV vaccines that are available?
- Quadrivalent (Gardasil)
- 9-valent HPV (Gardasil 9)
- Bivalent HPV (Cervarix)
During what ages should the HPV vaccines be administered?
- Gardasil and Gardasil 9 –> 9-26 years old
- Cervarix –> 9-25 years old
Who should be vaccinated with the HPV vaccine?
Males and females ages 11/12 years, but can start earlier at age 9
- Recommended for females 13-26 years and males 13-21 years who were NOT previously vaccinated
What are the high risk factors that would allow the provider to administer the HPV vaccine to a male ages 22-26 years?
- Immunocompromised
- HIV
- MSM
Contraindications for the HPV vaccine
- Life threatening allergic reaction
- Allergy to any component of HPV vaccine
- Yeast allergy for quadrivalent
- Latex allergy for bivalent
- Pregnancy
Who else is permitted to receive the HPV vaccine other than young adults?
- Lactating women
- Immunosuppressed
- Current or past history of anogential warts, abnormal pap or HPV test, anogenital pre-cancer
