Exam 2: Head, Ears, Nose, Throat Flashcards
What are three differences in children vs. adults?
changes in Eustachian tubes, nasal breathers, enlarged tonsils.
When do sutures ossify?
6-18 yrs
What are the male adolescent facial changes?
nose and thyroid cartilage enlarge, facial hair appears.
What is acromegaly?
some facial features are larger than normal.
what is craniofacial dystosis?
not symmetrical facial features.
What increased in infants by 3 months?
salivation.
What sinuses are present at birth but very small? which ones begin developing at 3 yrs?
maxillary, ethmoid; frontal, sphenoid
When do permanent teeth begin forming?
6 months of age.
When do you start getting permanent teeth and when is it completed?
6 yrs- 14 or 15 yrs
What is craniotabes?
softening of the outer table of the skull.
What are some common medical treatments for ear disorders?
pressure-equalizing (PE) tubes, hearing aids, cochlear implants.
what are some common drugs for ear and eye disorders?
antibiotics, antihistamines, analgesics
True or false: 1 million children are affected with hearing impairment.
true
What are some common causes of conductive hearing loss?
impacted cerumen; otitis externa, trauma, foreign body.
True or false you should get a language and hearing test if frequent otitis media or middle ear effusion > 3 months,
true
When are screening tests?
16-24 months
What are some signs of hearing impairment in an infant?
lack of startle reflex, failure to localize sound by 6 months, absence of babble or inflections by age 7 months, failure to speak by 24 months.