Exam 2: EYES Flashcards
What does OD and OS stand for?
OD: right eye
OS: left eye
How old are the following milestones reached:
1) tracks objects thru 180 degrees; regards own hand; begins visual motor coordination.
2) picks up a raisin by raking
3) follows person from 6ft away; smiles in response to face; raises head 30 degrees from prone.
4) stacks blocks; places a peg in a hole; stands and walks.
5) demo alertness to visual stimulus 8-12in. from eyes.
6) social smile; reaches for cube 12 in away; notices raisin 12in away.
7) follow object 60 degrees horizontally & 30 degrees vertically; blinks at approaching object.
1) 3 months
2) 7-8 months
3) 2 months
4) 12-14 months
5) neonate
6) 4-5 months
7) 1 month
Why do neonate’s struggling trying to distinguish color and detail?
optic nerve not fully myelinated.
When do eyes form in gestation?
first 8 wks
When do tears develop?
2-3 wks after birth
true or false peripheral vision is fully developed at birth. what develops later?
true; central vision.
When can infants differentiate colors? what color do they like?
6 months; yellow
what is strabismus?
cross eyed
what is nystagmus?
trimmering of eyes maybe normal.
what are some concerns with the eyes in young children?
excessive rubbing of eyes, frequent hordeola(stye), inability to reach for or pick up small objects, probs w. night vision.
What are some common causes of childhood blindness or vision loss?
retinoblastoma, retinopathy of prematurity, retinal hemorrhages in infancy.
name the following:
1) disruption of normal progression of retinal vascular development in preterm infant
2) occurs in infant victims of shaken-baby syndrome.
3) Embryonal malignant tumor arising form retina.
1) retinopathy of prematurity.
2) retinal hemorrhages in infancy.
3) retinoblastoma.
What are cataracts?
lens opacity: cloudy lens
True of false may be caused by long term systemic corticosteroids or ocular corticosteroid.
true
what is usually present around age 2 with greatest survival rate if diagnosed before age 7?
retinoblastoma
what are some clinical signs of retinoblastoma?
leucorrhea, strabismus, inflammation, glaucoma symptoms.
What is glaucoma? what are some common symptoms?
increased IOP; enlarged or hazy corneas, tearing, blinking, unilateral erythema, progressive enlargement of eye.
What are some refractive errors?
myopia(nearsightedness), hyperopia(farsightedness), astigmatism(bump on eye), amblyopia(dimness of sight).