Exam 2; Dental Plaque Induced Gingivitis Flashcards
What are some examples of gingival diseases modified with systemic factors
associated with endocrine system puberty induced menstrual cycle pregnancy diabetes associated with blood; leukemia
What are two gingival diseases modified by medications
gingival enlargements
oral contraceptive associated gingivitis
What is a gingival disease modified by malnutrition
ascorbic acid deficiency gingivitis
What is the term of gingivitis around implants
peri-mucositis
What are the 6 common characteristics to all gingival diseases
- signs and symptoms limited to the gingiva
- presence of dental plaque
- clinical signs of inflammation
- clinical signs and symptoms associated on a periodontium with NO attachment loss or on a stable nut reduced periodontium
- reversibility of disease by removing the etiology
- possible role as a precursor to attachment loss
what are 5 common clinical changes from health to gingivitis
color texture/edema bleeding exudate plaque
What is the color of severely inflamed gingiva
red and cyanotic; no oxygen = purple/blue
Where does the change of color of inflamed gingiva begin
starts in the interdental papilla and gingival margin and then spreads to the attached gingiva
This occurs with increasing inflammation due to dilation and engorgement of the capillaries and the thinning or ulceration of the sulcular epithelium
gingival bleeding
Spontaneous bleeding occurs in acute/severe gingival disease and may be related to what
systemic health problems
Healthy gingiva is firm and resilient, when inflamed, what three things occur
increased ECF and exudate
degeneration of connective tissue and epithelium
engorged connective tissue and thinning of epithelium
Chronic inflammation of the gingiva can induce what
fibrosis and epithelial proliferation
Healthy gingiva has a dull surface texture with stippling present in some cases, when inflamed, what three things occur
loss of stifling
smooth and shiny, if exudate changes occur
firm and modular, if fibrotic changes occur
In healthy gingiva, it is scalloped with gingiva filling the interdental spaces, but with inflammation what occurs
knife edge gingival adaptation or loose gingival margins
in some cases, clefts or festoons may develop
What is the primary etiologic factor of gingivitis
bacterial plaque
What are four secondary etiological factors of gingivitis
calculus
marginal deficiencies in restorations and rough surfaces
malocclusion
tooth/root anomalies
Describe the biologic width
a minimun digestion of 3mm coronal to the alveolar crest, to permit healing and proper restoration
Periodontitis starts with what
gingivitis!
but gingivitis does not always progress into periodontitis
How does gingivitis lead to periodontitis
progression of the inflammatory process to the underlying connective tissue attachment and PDL, can be recurrent
True or False
Recurrent inflammation may be confined to the gingival tissues and may not cause further attachment loss, but still diagnosed as recurrent periodontitis
True
Gingival disease are modified by what
endocrine factors
What causes pregnancy associated gingivitis
exaggerated localized host response modulated by levels of endogenous hormones causing changes in the microbiota; 2nd trimester
While clinically detectable changes do not seem to be associated with the menstrual cycle, what does
there has been shown to be a 20% increase in GCF
This commonly arises from the proximal gingival tissues and has a pedunculated base; is a highly vascularized mass of granulation tissue
pyogenic granuloma of pregnancy
