Exam 2: chapter 5 Flashcards
Vaccine
Small dose of inactive virus that is injected into the body to stimulate production of antibodies to guard against the disease
Effects of Child Maltreatment
- Physical effects and brain development
- Socioemotional effects
Anorexia Nervosa
engage in behaviors (such as
starvation or extreme exercise) to achieve thinness
and maintain weight that is substantially lower than
expected for height and age
Bulimia Nervosa
characterized by recurrent episodes
of binge eating (consuming abnormally large amount
of food and feel out of control) followed by purging
(inappropriate behavior designed to compensate for
the binge)
Binge drinking
consuming five (for men) or four (for women) or more drinks in one sitting
Cancer
- Occurs when genetic program that controls cell growth is disrupted and abnormal cells reproduce rapidly and spread to normal tissues and organs
What is the leading cause of death in adulthood
cancer
Diabetes
Disease marked by high levels of blood glucose
* Body is unable to regulate amount of glucose in bloodstream because there is not enough insulin produced (Diabetes 1)
or
body shows insulin resistance and becomes less sensitive to it (Diabetes 2)
Cardiovascular Disease
- Also known as heart disease
- Markers of cardiovascular disease:
- High blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, plaque buildup in arteries, irregular heartbeat, and heart attack
- Men are more likely to be diagnosed – Women are more likely to die
Osteoporosis
Disorder characterized by severe bone loss resulting in brittle and easily fractured bones
- women more likely to have.
Arthritis
Degenerative joint disease
Osteoarthritis
affects joins that are injured by overuse
* Hips, knees, lower back, and hands
Rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune illness in which connective tissues become inflamed and stiff
Dementia
progressive deterioration in
mental abilities due to changes in the brain that influence higher cortical functions and are reflected in impaired thought and behavior
* AKA Neurocognitive Disorder
Alzheimer’s Disease
Neurodegenerative disorder that
progresses from general cognitive decline to include personality and behavior changes, motor complications, severe dementia, and death
Amyloid plaques:
Large masses of accumulated beta-amyloid and clumps of dead neurons and glial cells
Neurofibrillary tangles:
Twisted bundles of threads of a protein called tau that occur when neurons collapse
Vascular Dementia
- AKA multi-infarct dementia
- Caused by strokes (blockages of blood vessels in brain)
- Causes brain cells to die and immediate loss of mental functioning
- Show sudden, but often mild, losses with each stroke
- Influenced by genetic and environmental factors
Parkinson’s Disease
- Brain disorder that occurs when neurons in part of the brain called substantia nigra die or become impaired
- Neurons in this part of brain produce dopamine, which enables coordinated function of body’s muscles and smooth movement
- Produces motor and cognitive symptoms
