Exam 1: Chapter 2

Question 1

SRY gene

Answer 1

gene that is responsible for the initiation of male sex determination

Question 2

XX

Answer 2

female

Question 3

XY

Answer 3

male

Question 4

XO

Answer 4

Female genotype
-Turner (1 in 650 females)
-ovaries usually don’t develop right
-secondary sex characteristics are messed up

Question 5

XXX

Answer 5

Female genotype
-Triple X (1 in 900)
-tall

Question 6

XXY

Answer 6

Male genotype
-Klinefelter (1 in 500 to 1 – 1,000)
-more feminine body and voice, boobs

Question 7

XYY

Answer 7

Male Genotype
-Jacob’s Syndrome (1 in 1,000)
-higher levels of testosterone

Question 8

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 8

Both genes influence the characteristic

Question 9

Polygenic Inheritance

Answer 9

Traits formed through interaction of many genes

Question 10

Genomic Imprinting

Answer 10

Chemical marker activates whether the gene is inherited from mother or father

Question 11

Behavioral Genetics

Answer 11

Field of study that examines how genes and experience combine to influence human traits, abilities, and behaviors

Question 12

Canalization

Answer 12

Heredity narrows range of development to only one or a few outcomes.

Question 13

Blastocyst

Answer 13

fluid-filled sphere with cells forming protective circle around inner cluster of cells from which embryo will develop

Question 14

Implantation

Answer 14

blastocyst burrows into wall of uterus

Question 15

What are the stages of Prenatal Development

Answer 15

Germinal Period 0-2 weeks
Embryonic Period 3-8 weeks
Fetal Period 9-40 weeks
First trimester 1-13 weeks
Second Trimester 14-26 weeks
Third Trimester 27-40 weeks

Question 16

Apgar Scale

Answer 16

Quick and easy overall assessment of baby’s immediate health after birth

Question 17

Preterm

Answer 17

born before due date

Question 18

Small for date

Answer 18

full term but experienced slow growth

Question 19

Teratogen

Answer 19

Agent that causes damage to prenatal development, such as disease, drug, or other environmental factor, producing a birth defect

Question 20

Teratology

Answer 20

Field that attempts to find causes of birth defects so they may be avoided

Question 21

Critical periods

Answer 21

Periods when embryo is more susceptible to damage from exposure to teratogens

Question 22

Dose

Answer 22

Amount of exposure influences effects of teratogens.

Question 23

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 23

Abnormally small head, underdeveloped brain, eye abnormalities, congenital heart disease, joint anomalies, malformations of the face
Most serious damage from alcohol caused in first weeks of pregnancy