Exam 2 Bio Flashcards
What is energy?
the capacity to do work
What are the 2 types of energy?
potential and kinetic
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Conservation (cannot be created or destoryed, only converted)
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
Radomness, disorder, ENTROPY
What reaction releases energy?
Exergonic
What reaction absorbs energy?
Endergonic
What is the function of enzymes?
Lower activation energy
Characteristics of enzymes?
Catalysts
Speed up rate of reaction
Usually proteins
3-D
Specific
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide & Water
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Oxygen and glucose
What are the factors of Light dependent reactions?
2 photosystems
6CO2+6H20
Thylakoid
What are the factors of Light independent reactions?
1 part
C6H12O6 + 6O2
Stroma
Calvin Cycle
What are photons?
discreet packages of light
Where does photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplasts
What does chlorophyll a absorb? What does it reflect?
Absorbs red and violet
Reflects green
What does chlorophyll b absorb? What does it reflect?
Absorbs red and blue
Reflects green & yellow
Long wavelength =
Shorter wavelength=
longer= low energy
shorter= high energy
What is the color and number for the lower side of electromagnetic spectrum?
purple
400
What is the color and number for the higher side of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Red
720
What are the 3 steps to the Calvin cycle?
1.Fixation
2. Sugar creation (reduction)
3) Regeneration
What is photorespiration
no sugar is made (O2 builds up)
Characteristics of C3
CO2
Calvin
Sugar
Open
Day
x
x
Characteristics of C4
CO2
Calvin
Sugar
Slightly open
Day
ATP
Carbon Uptake
Characteristics of CAM
CO2
Calvin
Sugar
OPEN -> NIGHT
CLOSED -> DAY
ATP
Carbon uptake
Day/Night
What is the reactants of cellular respiration? What are the products?
Whats the pattern?
Reactants: Oxygen and glucose
Products: Water and carbon dioxide
(The products and reactants are flipped from photosynthesis.)
Why do you need oxygen and glucose?
ATP
Food/glucose electrons
Aerobic cellular respiration steps
Glycolysis->Krebs Cycle
->ETC
Glycolysis
ATP & Glucose (2 pyruvates)
Water comes off
NADH
CYTOPLASM
Prep step (Acetyl COA)
MITOCHONDRIA