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H.O.E study guides > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

-2
Q

Behavior of older adults

A

Retirement, death of a spouse, physical disabilities and financial problems summon the need for adjustments; some older adults cope better than other

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-2
Q

Bulimia

A

person eats excessively, then refuses to eat, fasts, or throws the food up

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-2
Q

Causes of Alzheimer’s

A

Genetics/mutated gene, aluminum toxic effects, missing enzyme, etc

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-2
Q

Causes of cognitive impairment

A

anxiety, suspiciousness, delusions, depression, paranoia, schizophrenia, dementia, closed head injuries, Alzheimer’s, etc

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-2
Q

Changes in CV system

A

becomes less efficient as the heart muscle ages, only muscle in the body that doesnt get to rest over night. happens in some degree to some elderly

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-2
Q

Communication barriers

A

age, cultural differences, mental or physical impairments

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-2
Q

abuse

A

Care which results in any physical harm, pain, or mental anguish.

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-1
Q

7 year old children characteristics

A

Physical development: slow but steady. Start to develop problem solving skills. Muscle coordination developed.

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-1
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Eye contact, hand gestures, appearance, tone, facial expressions

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-1
Q

Communication feedback

A

Listening attentively, asking related questions, conveying acceptance, clarifying and summarizing

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-1
Q

growth and development

A

changes in the organization of behavior, from simple to complex, from a small group of behaviors that you build on to create to a large group

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0
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A

Think you’re fat when you aren’t, cause yourself to throw up, not eat

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0
Q

Care of Alzheimer’s

A

Adjust environment to them

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0
Q

Causes of temporary confusion/disorientation

A

Old age, stroke, brain trauma

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0
Q

Verbal communication

A

Only 15% of communication. Vocabulary, timing, and pace

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1
Q

Compensation

A

Defense mechanism when you substitute an easier goal for another. Some thing given or received to balance out for a loss or debt.

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2
Q

Confidential care

A

Information about your health that is ensured will not be told or shared

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3
Q

Patients rights

A

to be informed -make decisions -association and communication -personal privacy -personal property -freedom from abuse: -free from physical restraints -move around freely -quality care and dignity

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4
Q

emotional development

A

Refers to feelings and deal with love, hate, joy, fear, happiness, being scared, etc

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5
Q

Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s

A

Not really a test to diagnose it, just happens (commonly mistaken for depression)

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6
Q

Disease

A

Any condition that interferes with the normal function of the body

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7
Q

communication

A

Ongoing dynamic series of events where information is transmitted

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8
Q

Five stages of death

A
  1. Denial
  2. Anger
  3. Depression
  4. Bargaining
  5. Acceptance
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9
Q

Alzheimer’s

A

A progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brain’s nerve cells, or neurons, resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes.

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10
Q

Domestic violence

A

Acts of violence or abuse against a person living in ones household

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11
Q

DNR

A

Do not resuscitate

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12
Q

Forms of dementia

A

Cognitive impairments, Alzheimer’s

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13
Q

Causes of suicide among teens

A

Depression, low self esteem, problems in school, grief over a loss or love affair, influenced by suicide of friend or family member

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14
Q

Sucking reflex

A

Response to slight touch on the lips

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15
Q

Factors interfering with communication

A

Giving opinions, no eye contact, approving/disapproving, getting hopes up, changing the subject

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16
Q

Grasp reflex

A

When an infant has the reflex of clamping down on something given to him/her

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17
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty to swallow

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18
Q

Glaucoma

A

Eye disease characterized by increased intraocular pressure

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19
Q

Incontinence

A

Unable to control urination or defecation

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20
Q

Middle adulthood

A

Age: 45-65
Physical: wrinnkle skin
Mental: Smarter, increase in education, Coping mechanism
Emotional: midlife crisis, extremely satisfied or midlife crisis

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21
Q

Dysuria

A

Difficult or painful urination

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22
Q

Independence vs Dependence

A

Independence is when you are able to care for your own needs. Dependence is when you rely on the help of another to care for you needs

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23
Q

Hoarding

A

Hiding things really well

Keeping random stuff

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24
Q

Displacement

A

Transferring the feelings from one person to another (taking your stress out on somebody else)

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25
Q

Factors influencing communication

A

Perceptions, values, emotions

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26
Q

What are perceptions? (Communication)

A

linked to passed experiences: begin with sensory input and organized/interpreted within senses that are influenced by goals or expectations

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27
Q

Loneliness among elderly

A

Myth: many elderly people are unhappy or lonely,do miss deceased loved ones, still socialize

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28
Q

Infant physical development

A

Develop dramatically and rapidly.vision improves and react to many reflexes

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29
Q

Hospice

A

Program designed to provide care for the terminally ill while allowing them to die with dignity.

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31
Q

Causes of cognitive impairment

A

depression -anxiety -suspiciousness, delusions, paranoia -schizophrenia -mental retardation -dementia -closed head injuries -truma to the brain: fractors for no reason, anurisms, epilepsy

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32
Q

Pillaging

A

Constantly looking for something

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33
Q

Living will

A

A legal document stating a persons desires on what measures should or should not be taken to prolong life when his or her condition is terminal

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34
Q

Levels of communication

A
  1. Intrapersonal: within-yourself
  2. Interpersonal: between-2 people or more
  3. Public
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34
Q

What are basic needs?

A

food, water, oxygen, elimination of wastes

sleep and protection from temperature

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35
Q

Arthritis

A

Inflammation in the joints

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35
Q

Withdrawal

A

pull yourself out of the situation: emotionally, physically, mentally : you dont communicate

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36
Q

Cataracts

A

Condition of the eye where the lens becomes cloudy or opaque, leading to blindness

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36
Q

What are safety needs?

A

The need to be free from anxiety and fear and the need to feel secure in our environment

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37
Q

What are patients’ rights?

A

to be informed -make decisions -association and communication -personal privacy -personal property -freedom from abuse: free from physical restraints
move around freely -quality care and dignity

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37
Q

Supression

A

Aware of unacceptable feelings, so you purposely put those feelings In an unconscious part of the brain/ don’t want to deal with it

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38
Q

Bulimia

A

Psychological condition in which a person eats excessively and then fasts or refuses to eat

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38
Q

What is mental development

A

Ability to learn thing- how your brain develops

38
Q

Vascular degeneration

A

vessels loose their elastisity (leads to plaque build up in the arteries)
hypertension: high blood pressure (emboli- blood clot that moves: floating clot)

39
Q

Developmental characteristics of adolescence

A 
Physical development, comes in spurts, puberty, development of the sex organs, secrete sex hormones, secondary sex characteristics develop 
Mental developement:
learn to make desicions and live with those consiquences 
Emotional development: 
in adequate feeling about your self 
respond more to your peer group
Social development:
getting ready to move away from family 
become more self confident problems
39
Q

Thrombus

A

fibrinous clot- forms in and obstructs a blood vessel, or forms in one of the chambers of the heart.

40
Q

Arthritis

A

Painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints

40
Q

Causes of suicide among teens

A

Depression -grief over a loss or love affair -failure in school -inability to meet expectations -influence of suicidial friends or parents-lack of self-esteem

40
Q

Suppressions

A

aware of these feelings and behaviors that are unacceptable but you still put them in your brain

41
Q

Sundowning

A

symptoms get worse later in day

42
Q

Causes of Alzheimer’s

A

-genetics -stroke -25% just because they are old -slow growing viruses

42
Q

Sucking reflex

A

In infants where if you lightly touch lips they should start sucking

43
Q

Stages of dying

A

Denial-Anger -bargaining -Depression -Acceptance

43
Q

What are patients rights

A

Factors of care that all patients can expect to receive

44
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

Psychological disorder involving loss appetite and excessive weight loss not caused by a physical disease

45
Q

Social development of a 2 year old

A

Very frustrated because they cant get their point across- result is temper tantrums

46
Q

Signs of suicide

A 
preoccupied with death 
giving away prized posessions 
changes in sleep pattern
sudden and extreme changes in eating habbits 
withdraw from family friends 
likes to be by themselves 
major personality switches 
use of drugs or alcohol 
expectation is failure 
recent suicide in community or school 
suicide attempts
47
Q

Self-actualization

A

Achieving full potential

48
Q

Rooting reflex

A

In infants -opens mouth and turns toward you if you touch cheek

48
Q

Puberty

A

A period of growth and development during which secondary sexual characteristics begin to develop

49
Q

Right to die

A

ethical issues must be addressed by the health care worker

laws allowing “right to die”

50
Q

Socialization

A

a continuing process whereby an individual acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behavior, and social skills appropriate to his or her social position.

51
Q

Designation of POA or health care surrogate

A

A document that permits an individual to appoint another person to make any decision regarding health care if the patients is unable to make decisions

51
Q

Signs of abuse

A

Old and new bruises

51
Q

Reality orientation

A

Activities to help promote awareness of time place and person

55
Q

Cataracts

A

Condition of the eye where the lens become cloudy or opaque, causes blindness

60
Q

Patient advocate

A

A patient advocate acts as the speaker between patients and Health Care Providers to help improve or maintain a high quality of health

62
Q

Rationalization

A

reasonable explanation for the behavior that is not the real reason

63
Q

Melanin patches

A

Brownish black pigment found in the skin, hair,and eyes

64
Q

Pacing

A

walk back and forth constantly

65
Q

Memory changes of the elderly

A

Short term memory lapses

Remember events that occurred 20 years ago better than recent events

69
Q

Retirement

A

often viewed as an end to the working years, many enjoy retirement while some feel a major sense of loss

69
Q

Ombudsman

A

a person who investigates and attempts to resolve complaints and problems

69
Q

Needs of a human

A

needs: lack of something that is required or desired
needs motivate our behavior
needs exist from birth to death
needs influence our behavior
needs have a priority status
needs will switch based on what is going on in your life

70
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

an inflammation of the bone and bone marrow, usually caused by bacterial infection.

72
Q

Memory changes of elderly

A

Have difficulty remembering recent happenings, but can clearly recall memories from 20 years ago

74
Q

Melanin patches

A

Brownish black pigment found in skin, hair, and eyes

75
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A condition in which bones become porous and brittle due to lack or loss of calcium phosphorus and other minerals

76
Q

Retirement

A

Removal or withdrawal from your career at an old age

77
Q

Moro reflex

A

loud noises reacting

78
Q

Projection

A

placing the blame on others- always someone elses fault

displacement: the transferring of your feelings from one person to another

79
Q

Loss of adipose tissue in the elderly

A

inability to control temperature, skin loses elasticity, flabby skin and wrinkles, skin becomes thin, ecchymosis (bruising)

79
Q

Percentage of individuals living in long term care

A

Small amount; most live at home with family

80
Q

Percentage of individuals living in long term care

A

> 75%

80
Q

Pillaging

A

going in and looking for stuff. This goes along with hoarding. Part of a cognitive impairment

81
Q

Nonverbal behavior

A 
Apperence: how you present yourself 
Posture and gait: how you walk
facial expression 
Hand gestures 
Touch 
Space
82
Q

Moro reflex

A

When a newborn hears a loud noise and jumps or acts startled

83
Q

Need for safety and security

A

Part of Maslows heirarchy of needs (2nd) free from anxiety, fear, secure environment, order and routine, and things that are familiar

83
Q

Psychological care of dying

A
  1. Let them set the tone
  2. Dealing with fears
  3. Set their death in their terms
84
Q

adipose tissue

A

a body tissue containing stored fat- serves as a source of energy; also cushions and insulates vital organs

85
Q

Needs of humans

A

Needs are something we lack that are required or desired. They are with us from birth until death and they influence our behavior and they have a priority status

86
Q

Patient rights

A

Factors of care that all patients can expect to receive

  • considerate and respectful care
  • obtain complete, current info concerning diagnosis, treatment, prognosis
  • privacy concerning a medical care program
87
Q

Ombudsman

A

Specially trained individual who acts as an advocate for others to improve care or conditions

88
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Condition in which bones become brittle caused by lack or

loss of calcium, phosphorus, and other minerals

89
Q

Pacing

A

walk up and down all the time

89
Q

Self Actualization

A

To obtain full potential, confidence, and self security. You cannot reach this level without first accomplishing the levels before it

90
Q

Nonverbal

A

Posture, hand gestures, facial expressions, touch and space

90
Q

Sexual needs of elderly

A

Holding hands are an intimate gesture for the elderly

91
Q

Sexuality needs

A

Needs of the sexual manner; they vary and are different in all age groups

93
Q

Middle adulthood

A

40-65

Weight gain, gray hair or hair loss, wrinkles, vision declines, critical thinking increases

94
Q

Sundowning

A

A cognitive conditions in which the symptoms worsen as the sun goes down

95
Q

Time frame when physical changes occur in elderly

A

65+ depends- how active

96
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of bone

97
Q

Vascular degeneration

A

Blood vessels become less elastic causing plaque build up.

98
Q

What are perceptions (communication)

A

Closely linked to past experiences that begin with sensory input and is organized and interpreted within our senses that are influenced by our goals and expectations

99
Q

What is mental development

A

Mind development; how we learn, problem solve, make decisions

100
Q

Trust vs mistrust

A

A basic conflict of infants

101
Q

What is safety needs

A

Free from anxiety and fear.

102
Q

Withdrawal

A

To physically remove yourself from an uncomfortable situation or just stop communicating

104
Q

What are the basic needs

A

Physiological needs: water, food, elimination of waste, protection from extreme temperatures, oxygen, sleep

105
Q

Psychological barriers of communication

A

Changing the subject, getting defensive, asking why, giving approval or disapproval, offering false reassurance

106
Q

Puberty

A

Period of growth and development during which secondary sexual characteristics begin to develop

107
Q

Rationalization

A

An acceptable explanation for the behavior; an excuse

108
Q

Reality Orientation

A

Activities to help promote awareness of time, place, and person

109
Q

Rooting reflex

A

Response to slight touch on cheek; turning mouth to touch

110
Q

Projection

A

Defense mechanism in which an individual places the blame for his or her actions on someone else or circumstances

114
Q

Signs of abuse

A

Bruises and fractures hat have healed on their own

115
Q

Signs of suicide

A

Giving away prized possessions, hair cut, drop in grades, mood swings, changed sleep patterns, depressed state

116
Q

Right to die

A

Allowing patients to die with dignity

117
Q

Social development of two year old

A

Aware of other kids around them, attached to parents or caregivers, enjoy company of others

118
Q

Social skills of children

A

2 year olds are generally possessive, but they learn to share and when they grow

119
Q

Socialization

A

Pertaining to relationships with others

120
Q

Stages of dying

A 
Denial 
Anger
Bargaining 
Depression 
Acceptance
120
Q

Thrombus

A

A blood clot

121
Q

TIA

A

Mini stroke

122
Q

Sterilization

A

the act of making an organism barren or infertile (unable to reproduce)

123
Q

Ultrasonic cleaning

A

An ultrasonic cleaner, often colloquially referred to as a sonicator, is a cleaning device that uses ultrasound

H.O.E study guides (12 decks)

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