Exam 2 Flashcards
Remember the document Kailey put together of everyone’s content of all the video discussions and notes
reference that.
These were the big things that I need to review for Exam 2:
• DKA is more common and more serious, but more people die from HHS. HHS is hyperglycemia without keytones in blood creating acidosis. DKA is type 1, HHS is type 2 (and HHS you’d see more dehydration / polyuria). Rapid breathing (irregular pulse) seen in DKA, seizures in HHS.
• Type II diabetes drug = metaformin
• Fast heart beat indicates LOW blood sugar levels, lack of energy indicates HIGH blood glucose levels. Dry skin/mouth and cut or sore that won’t heal indicates HIGH blood glucose levels. *** Being sick / stress causes blood glucose to go UP
• Humoral is B lymphocytes (antiboides) and Cell-Mediated is T lymphocytes or cell phagocytize.
• recombinant human erythropoietin’s replace need for a blood transfusion
• Febrile Nonhemolytic Reaction = reaction (1 degree change) due to a blood transfusion
• Body can NOT rid itself of iron … it leads to diabetes, arthritis, cancer, parkinsons, alzehimers, infertility, impotence
• Reed-Sternberg cells = Hodgkins (lymph cancer)
• Multiple Myeloma = Cancer of PLASMA (in blood)
• Sickle Cell trait vs. Sickle Cell disease
• AML or ALL more common cancer in children: ALL
• Hemolytic or hemolysis is = RBC’s destroyed
• Koilonychia = Indentation of finger nail beds
• Hodgkins seen in ages 25-30 and 55+
• Scleroderma Esophagus = scarring of lower portion of esophagus due to backflow
• Antibiotic-Associated Colitis = c-diff, diahrrea, nonsocomial, bacteria/flora
• Achalasia = nerves in esophagus get damaged so you have a feeling of being full since smooth muscle can’t move food down.
• Barret Esophogus = Long term GERD
• Organic Obstructive Disease:
o anything that reduces the size of the gastric outlet, preventing the normal flow of chyme and delaying gastric emptying; may result from organic disease, mechanical or functional problems
• Chronic GI blood loss sometimes associated with use of NSAID’s can result in which problem = iron deficiency
• Disease characterized by granulomatous legions (an inflammatory bowel disease) = Crohns disease
• Characterized by the abscense of fissures and fistulas (an inflammatory bowel disease) = ulcerative colitis
• (esophogus) Condition associated with an increased risk for development of esophageal carcinoma = barretts esophagus
• (s/s) A feeling of fullness resulting from failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax during swallowing. = Achalasia
• Lymphangiodysplasia = dilation of lymph vessel in PRIMARY lymphedema
• Lymphangictasia = dilation of lymph vessel in SECONDARY / ACQUIRED lymphedema
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