Exam 2 Flashcards
- herpes genitalis
- shingles
- PRODRUG - CONVERTED TO ACYCLOVIR
Valacyclovir
- herpes genitalis
- herpes labialis
- chickenpox
- shingles
Acyclovir
- herpes genitalis
- shingles
Famiciclovir
- herpes labialis
- ACTIVE METABOLITE OF FAMICICLOVIR
- TOPICAL
Peniciclovir
- prevent/treat CMV
- retinitis
- esophagitis
- colitis
- leukopenia
- thrombocytopenia
- liver & renal dysfunction
Gancyclovir
Prodrug of Gancyclovir
Valgancyclovir
For patients INTOLERANT/RESISTANT TO GANCYCLOVIR & OTHER CMV DRUGS
DON’T USE W/ OTHER NEPHROTOXIC DRUGS
*Does NOT require activation by VIRUS KINASE
Cidofovir
- IV ONLY
- CMV retinitis in AIDS
- Does NOT require activation by VIRAL OR HOST CELL KINASE
Foscarnet
NRTI
- Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
- Inhibits the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
- are converted to their active triphosphate metabolites by host cell kinase, thus preventing synthesis of viral DNA
- bone marrow suppression
- anemia
Zidovudine
- HIV and Hepatitis B (HBV)
Lamivudine
Truvada
Emtricitabine + Tenofovir
Hyperpigmentation of the skin
Emtricitabine
- Indicated for HIV (DOC) and HBV
Tenofovir
NNRTI
Nonnucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
- binds directly to reverse transcriptase and disrupts catalytic site (DOES NOT REQUIRE ACTIVATION)
Preferred NNRTI for HIV
Efavirenze
Rilpivirine and Nevirapine
Does not require activation
Many drug interactions
Protease inhibitor
Inhibits protease enzyme which is required for completion of the virion protein production.
Inhibition of protease results in nonfunctional (immature) noninfectious particles
Booster
Ritonavir
All protease inhibitors…
- potent CYP 3A4 inhbitors and inducers
- proton pump inhibitors
- decrease absorption of Atazanavir
Inhibits the fusion of HIV w/ host cells before virus enters and begins replication; glycoprotein 41
Efuvirtide
Both inhibit the enzyme (integrase) that integrates genetic material from the virus DNA into host DNA
Raltegravir and Dolutegravir
Inhibits the binding of 3 key chemokine ligands to the cell membrane of CCR5 expression & blocks CCR5 signaling events
Maraviroc
Used for influenza; CNS (hallucinations, abnormal behavior)
Osetamivir
Used for influenza; bronchospasms
Zanamivir
Inhibit enzyme neuramidase in influenza A and B
Osetamivir
Zanamivir
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Hepatitis C
Ribaviron
pegylated alpha-2b; covalent bond w/ polyethylene significantly increases half-life
Interferons and pegylated interferons
Inhibitor of HCV NS4/4A protease
Telaprivir
Inhibitor of HCV NS4/4A protease; anemia
Boceprevir