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Pharmacology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

0
Q
  • herpes genitalis
  • shingles
  • PRODRUG - CONVERTED TO ACYCLOVIR
A

Valacyclovir

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1
Q
  • herpes genitalis
  • herpes labialis
  • chickenpox
  • shingles
A

Acyclovir

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2
Q
  • herpes genitalis

- shingles

A

Famiciclovir

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3
Q
  • herpes labialis
  • ACTIVE METABOLITE OF FAMICICLOVIR
  • TOPICAL
A

Peniciclovir

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4
Q
  • prevent/treat CMV
  • retinitis
  • esophagitis
  • colitis
  • leukopenia
  • thrombocytopenia
  • liver & renal dysfunction
A

Gancyclovir

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5
Q

Prodrug of Gancyclovir

A

Valgancyclovir

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6
Q

For patients INTOLERANT/RESISTANT TO GANCYCLOVIR & OTHER CMV DRUGS

DON’T USE W/ OTHER NEPHROTOXIC DRUGS
*Does NOT require activation by VIRUS KINASE

A

Cidofovir

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7
Q
  • IV ONLY
  • CMV retinitis in AIDS
  • Does NOT require activation by VIRAL OR HOST CELL KINASE
A

Foscarnet

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8
Q

NRTI

A
  • Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • Inhibits the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
  • are converted to their active triphosphate metabolites by host cell kinase, thus preventing synthesis of viral DNA
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9
Q
  • bone marrow suppression

- anemia

A

Zidovudine

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10
Q
  • HIV and Hepatitis B (HBV)
A

Lamivudine

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11
Q

Truvada

A

Emtricitabine + Tenofovir

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12
Q

Hyperpigmentation of the skin

A

Emtricitabine

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13
Q
  • Indicated for HIV (DOC) and HBV
A

Tenofovir

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14
Q

NNRTI

A

Nonnucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

- binds directly to reverse transcriptase and disrupts catalytic site (DOES NOT REQUIRE ACTIVATION)

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15
Q

Preferred NNRTI for HIV

A

Efavirenze

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16
Q

Rilpivirine and Nevirapine

A

Does not require activation

Many drug interactions

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17
Q

Protease inhibitor

A

Inhibits protease enzyme which is required for completion of the virion protein production.

Inhibition of protease results in nonfunctional (immature) noninfectious particles

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18
Q

Booster

A

Ritonavir

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19
Q

All protease inhibitors…

A
  • potent CYP 3A4 inhbitors and inducers
  • proton pump inhibitors
  • decrease absorption of Atazanavir
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20
Q

Inhibits the fusion of HIV w/ host cells before virus enters and begins replication; glycoprotein 41

A

Efuvirtide

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21
Q

Both inhibit the enzyme (integrase) that integrates genetic material from the virus DNA into host DNA

A

Raltegravir and Dolutegravir

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22
Q

Inhibits the binding of 3 key chemokine ligands to the cell membrane of CCR5 expression & blocks CCR5 signaling events

A

Maraviroc

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23
Q

Used for influenza; CNS (hallucinations, abnormal behavior)

A

Osetamivir

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24
Q

Used for influenza; bronchospasms

A

Zanamivir

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25
Q

Inhibit enzyme neuramidase in influenza A and B

A

Osetamivir

Zanamivir

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26
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Hepatitis C

A

Ribaviron

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27
Q

pegylated alpha-2b; covalent bond w/ polyethylene significantly increases half-life

A

Interferons and pegylated interferons

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28
Q

Inhibitor of HCV NS4/4A protease

A

Telaprivir

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29
Q

Inhibitor of HCV NS4/4A protease; anemia

A

Boceprevir

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30
Q

Bind to ergosterol in fungal membranes

A

Amphotericin B

Nystatin

31
Q

Administered in combination w/ Amphotericin B

A

Flucytosine (not a polyene)

32
Q

inhibitors of P450 enzyme that converts lanosterol to ergosterol

A

Azole antifungals

33
Q

inhibits 2C9

A

Flucanazole

34
Q

Contraindicated in HF

A

Itraconazole

35
Q

Contraindicated w/ enzyme inducers like rifampin and carbamezepine

A

Voriconazole

36
Q

Simvastatin contraindicated

A

Posaconazole

37
Q

QT Prolongation

A

Fluconazole

Posaconazole

38
Q

topical for seborrheic dermatitis

A

Ketoconazole

39
Q

Requires acidic environment

A

Itraconazole

Ketoconazole

40
Q

Candida infections of mouth, throat, vagina, and skin

A

Clotrimazole

41
Q

All Azole antifungals…

A

inhibit 3A4

42
Q

Inhibits ergosterol by blocking squalene monooxygenase

also used for athlete’s foot and nail fungus

A

Terbinafine

43
Q

Inhibit fungal cell wall synthesis; inhibits D-glucan, an essential component of fungal cell walls

A

CaspoFUNGIN
MicaFUNGIN
AnidulaFUNGIN

44
Q

Lacquer formulation for mild forms of onychomycosis (nail infections)

A

Ciclopirox

45
Q

Anaerobic infections: GIARDIASIS and C. diff

A

Metronidazole

46
Q

Active against metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis; GIARDIASIS

A

Tinidazole

47
Q

Prevention and treatment of malaria

A

Chloroquine

48
Q

Neuropsychiatric syndrome, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

A

Mefloquine

49
Q

Treat Pneumoncystis jiroveci

A

Trimethoprim - Sulfamethaxazole (TMP-SMX)
Atovaquone
Pentamidine

50
Q

prophylaxis Toxoplasma gondi infection

51
Q

DOC for roundworm, hook worm, pinworm, whipworm

A

Mebendazole

52
Q

Lice agents

A

Spinosad
Benzyl Alcohol
Malathion
Pyrethroid

53
Q

Scabies agent

A

Crotamiton

54
Q

Lice and scabies agents

A

Ivermectin

Permethrin

55
Q 
FOLATE ANTAGONIST
RHEUMATOID ARTHIRITIS
PSORIASIS
B-12 DEFICIENCY
LEUCOVORIN (FOLINIC ACID) CAN PREVENT MYELOSUPPRESSION and oral ulcers but cannot reverse them
A

Methotrexate

56
Q

Purine antagonist

A

Mercaptopurine

57
Q

Purine agonist

A

Fludarabine

58
Q

Pyrimidine antagonist; crosses BBB

A

Cytarabine

59
Q

Pyrimidine antagonist; stomatitis (oral ulcers), B12 AND FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY

A

Fluorouracil

60
Q

Prodrug converted to 5-FU; palmar-plantar erythrodysethesia

A

Capecitabine

61
Q

Gemcitabine

A

Pyrimadine antagonist

62
Q

Alkylating agents; BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTS; HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS reduced by hydration (fluids) and administration of mesna

A

Cyclophosphamide
Chlorambucil
Melphalan

63
Q

inhibition of topoisomerase II; breast cancer

A

Doxorubicin

64
Q

pulmonary fibrosis, stomatitis

65
Q

blocks assembly of microtubules

A

Vincristine

Vinblastine

66
Q

promote microtubule assembly, prevents microtubule disassembly

A

Paclitaxel

67
Q

inibits topoisomerase II

A

Etoposides

68
Q

inhibits topoisomerase I; causes diarrhea

A

Irenotecan

69
Q

breast cancer; binds to human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2); cardiomyopathy

A

Trastuzumab

70
Q

colon cancer; binds to vascular endothelial growth factor (EGFR), thromboembolic effects

A

Bevacizumab

Cetuximab

71
Q

Mostly 3A4 inhibitors and inducers

A

Imatinib

ti- inhib = tyrosine inhibitor

72
Q

prevents antigen acces to CD3 receptor and prevents T cell activation

A

Muromonab CD3

73
Q

Prevention of RSV infection in infants w/ bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants

74
Q

Prevent rejection of organ transplants; psoriasis and dry eyes; metabolized by 3A4

A

TACROLIMUS

Cyclosporine

Pharmacology (19 decks)

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