Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q
  • More effective in patients w/ impaired renal function

- Diuretic resistance (used w/ loop diuretics)

A

Metolazone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chlorthalidone

A

Thiazide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do diuretics do?

A
  • manage edema associated w/ renal, HF, and cirrhosis, as well as glaucoma and HTN
  • Act on various sites in the nephron to cause diuresis
  • natriuresis (inhibits reabsorption of Na from nephron)
  • increase kaliuresis (increases excretion of K)
  • affects excretion of magnesium, bicarbonate, and chloride
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • Sulfonamide compounds

- Renally excreted (do not use CrCl < 30ml/min

A

Thiazide pharmacokinetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hydrochlorthiazide

A

Thiazide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Indapamide

A

Thiazide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thiazide indications

A
  • HTN
  • Edema associated w/ HF, cirrhosis, renal disorders (nephrotic syndrome)
  • Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones): increases Ca reabsorption, reducing urinary calcium levels (mainly Hydrochlorothiazide)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thiazide Interactions

A
  • w/ Lithium: Increase toxicity/levels of lithium
  • w/ NSAIDs: decrease effects of diuretics and antihypertensive effects, decreases renal function
  • DO NOT USE W/ CRCL <30 ML/MIN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Thiazide Adverse Effects

A
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hypomagnesemia
  • Hypotension (may predispose to falls)
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hyperuricemia
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Metabolic alkalosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Increases calcium reabsorption, reducing urinary calcium levels. (drug is indicated for nephrolithiasis)

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Torsemide

A

Loop diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Loop diuretic: MOA

A

act on loop of Henle

  • Inhibit Na and Cl reabsorption
  • Potassium is excreted (hypokalemia)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Loop diuretic indications

A
  • HTN
  • Edema associated w/ HF (DOC), cirrhosis, RENAL IMPAIRMENT (PREFERRED DIURETIC IN PATIENTS W/ CRCL <30 ML/MIN
  • HYPERCALCEMIA (opposite of thiazides because they EXCRETE calcium)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Loop diuretic adverse effects

A

Same as thiazide adverse effect except loop diuretics cause OTOTOXICITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Loop diuretics interactions

A

Same as thiazides; except that loop diuretics CAN be used w/ patients who have renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic

17
Q

Metolazone

A

Thiazide

18
Q

How does Triamterene work?

A

Works at the LATE DISTAL TUBULE and COLLECTING DUCT

  • REDUCES POTASSIUM EXCRETION
  • mild natriuresis effect
  • used to PREVENT HYPOKALEMIA
19
Q

Triamterene adverse effects

A

Hyperkalemia

20
Q

Triamterene drug interactions

A
  • ACEIs increase potassium
  • ARBs increase potassium
  • Potassium supplements
21
Q

Triamterene

A

Potassium-sparing diuretics

22
Q

Spironolactone MOA

A
  • inhibits binding aldosterone to mineralcorticoid receptor in distal tubule and collecting duct
  • Has anti-androgen activity by binding to androgen receptor
  • Reduces potassium excretion (increases potassium)
  • Mild natriuresis effect
23
Q

act on early portion of DISTAL TUBULE

  • inhibits Na and Cl reabsorption
  • Potassium is excreted (hypokalemia)
A

Thiazide MOA

24
Q

Used for primary hyperaldosteronism, HF and cirrhosis

A

Spironolactone

25
Q

Spironolactone contraindications

A
  • Hyperkalemia

- Severe renal impairment

26
Q

Spironolactone adverse effects

A
  • Hyperkalemia

- GYNECOMASTIA (enlarged breasts in males)

27
Q

Spironolactone

A

Aldosterone antagonist

28
Q

Spironolactone drug interactions

A
  • ACEIs (increase potassium)
  • ARBs (increase potassium)
  • Potassium supplements
  • TRIMETHOPRIM (increase potassium)
29
Q

weak diuretic

A

Acetazolamide

30
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

31
Q

high altitude sickness

A

Acetazolamide

32
Q

Ophthalmic drops

A

Dorzolamide

33
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: adverse effects

A
  • drowsiness
  • parasthesia (tingling)
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Metabolic acidosis
34
Q

Acetazolamide and Dorzolamide are both used in…?

A

Glaucoma

35
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: drug interactions

A

w/ amphetamines: increase serum levels and toxicity of WEAK BASES

36
Q

Dorzolamide

A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

37
Q

Which has greater diuretic effect than other?

A

Loop diuretics

Pharmacology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions